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Avian influenza virus exhibits distinct evolutionary dynamics in wild birds and poultry

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Ecology and Evolution, June 2015
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  • Above-average Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (53rd percentile)
  • Average Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age and source

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Title
Avian influenza virus exhibits distinct evolutionary dynamics in wild birds and poultry
Published in
BMC Ecology and Evolution, June 2015
DOI 10.1186/s12862-015-0410-5
Pubmed ID
Authors

Mathieu Fourment, Edward C Holmes

Abstract

Wild birds are the major reservoir hosts for influenza A viruses, occasionally transmitting to other species such as domesticated poultry. Despite an abundance of genomic data from avian influenza virus (AIV), little is known about whether AIV evolves differently in wild birds and poultry, although this is critical to revealing the dynamics and time-scale of viral evolution. In particular, because environmental (water-borne) transmission is more common in wild birds, which may reduce the number of replications per unit time, it is possible that evolutionary rates are systematically lower in wild birds than in poultry. We estimated rates of nucleotide substitution in two AIV subtypes that are strongly associated with infections in wild birds - H4 and H6 - and compared these to rates in the H5N1 subtype that has circulated in poultry for almost two decades. Our analyses of three internal genes confirm that H4 and H6 viruses are evolving significantly more slowly than H5N1 viruses, suggesting that evolutionary rates of AIV are reduced in wild birds. This result was verified by the analysis of a poultry-associated H6 lineage that exhibited a markedly higher substitution rate than those H6 viruses circulating in wild birds. Interestingly, we also observed a significant difference in evolutionary rate between H4 and H6, despite frequent reassortment rate among them. AIV experiences markedly different evolutionary dynamics between wild birds and poultry. These results suggest that rate heterogeneity among viral subtypes and ecological groupings should be taken into account when estimating evolutionary rates and divergence times.

X Demographics

X Demographics

The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 62 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United States 2 3%
Italy 1 2%
Vietnam 1 2%
Unknown 58 94%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 14 23%
Researcher 11 18%
Student > Master 7 11%
Student > Bachelor 5 8%
Professor > Associate Professor 5 8%
Other 11 18%
Unknown 9 15%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 21 34%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 8 13%
Medicine and Dentistry 6 10%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 5 8%
Immunology and Microbiology 4 6%
Other 7 11%
Unknown 11 18%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 07 September 2015.
All research outputs
#14,599,900
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from BMC Ecology and Evolution
#2,429
of 3,714 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#126,897
of 278,180 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Ecology and Evolution
#46
of 72 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 41st percentile – i.e., 41% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,714 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 12.5. This one is in the 33rd percentile – i.e., 33% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 278,180 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 53% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 72 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 34th percentile – i.e., 34% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.