Title |
The immunologic aspects of poxvirus oncolytic therapy
|
---|---|
Published in |
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, March 2009
|
DOI | 10.1007/s00262-009-0686-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Andrea Worschech, D. Haddad, D. F. Stroncek, E. Wang, Francesco M. Marincola, Aladar A. Szalay |
Abstract |
The concept of using replicating oncolytic viruses in cancer therapy dates to the beginning of the twentieth century. However, in the last few years, an increasing number of pre-clinical and clinical trials have been carried out with promising preliminarily results. Novel, indeed, is the suggestion that viral oncolytic therapy might not operate exclusively through an oncolysis-mediated process but additionally requires the "assistance" of the host's immune system. Originally, the host's immune response was believed to play a predominant obstructive role against viral replication, hence limiting the anti-tumor efficacy of viral vectors. Recent data, however, suggest that the immune response may also play a key role in promoting tumor destruction in association with the oncolytic process. In fact, immune effector pathways activated during oncolytic virus-induced tumor rejection seem to follow a similar pattern to those observed when the broader phenomenon of immune-mediated tissue-specific rejection occurs in other immune-related pathologies. We recently formulated the "Immunologic Constant of Rejection" hypothesis, emphasizing commonalties in transcriptional patterns observed when tissue-destruction occurs: whether with a favorable outcome, such as in tumor rejection and pathogen clearance; or a destructive one, such as in allograft rejection or autoimmunity. Here, we propose that a similar mechanism induces clearance of virally infected tumors and that such a mechanism is primarily dependent on innate immune functions. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Canada | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 24 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 36% |
Researcher | 6 | 24% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 8% |
Student > Bachelor | 1 | 4% |
Other | 1 | 4% |
Other | 2 | 8% |
Unknown | 4 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 14 | 56% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 12% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 8% |
Mathematics | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 5 | 20% |