Title |
Cervical Cancer Screening for Patients on the Female-to-Male Spectrum: a Narrative Review and Guide for Clinicians
|
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Published in |
Journal of General Internal Medicine, July 2015
|
DOI | 10.1007/s11606-015-3462-8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Jennifer Potter, Sarah M. Peitzmeier, Ida Bernstein, Sari L. Reisner, Natalie M. Alizaga, Madina Agénor, Dana J. Pardee |
Abstract |
Guidelines for cervical cancer screening have evolved rapidly over the last several years, with a trend toward longer intervals between screenings and an increasing number of screening options, such as Pap/HPV co-testing and HPV testing as a primary screening. However, gynecological recommendations often do not include clinical considerations specific to patients on the female-to-male (FTM) spectrum. Both patients and providers may not accurately assess risk for HPV and other sexually transmitted infections, understand barriers to care, or be aware of recommendations for cervical cancer screening and other appropriate sexual and reproductive health services for this patient population. We review the evidence and provide guidance on minimizing emotional discomfort before, during, and after a pelvic exam, minimizing physical discomfort during the exam, and making adaptations to account for testosterone-induced anatomical changes common among FTM patients. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 10 | 36% |
Colombia | 1 | 4% |
Central African Republic | 1 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 4% |
Canada | 1 | 4% |
Curaçao | 1 | 4% |
Spain | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 12 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 26 | 93% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 186 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 23 | 12% |
Researcher | 22 | 12% |
Other | 17 | 9% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 13 | 7% |
Other | 39 | 21% |
Unknown | 59 | 32% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 53 | 28% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 24 | 13% |
Social Sciences | 18 | 10% |
Psychology | 8 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 2% |
Other | 11 | 6% |
Unknown | 69 | 37% |