| Title |
Endogenous Sex Hormones and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Post-Menopausal Women
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
JACC, June 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.01.083 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Di Zhao, Eliseo Guallar, Pamela Ouyang, Vinita Subramanya, Dhananjay Vaidya, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Joao A. Lima, Matthew A. Allison, Sanjiv J. Shah, Alain G. Bertoni, Matthew J. Budoff, Wendy S. Post, Erin D. Michos |
| Abstract |
Higher androgen and lower estrogen levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in women. However, studies on sex hormones and incident CVD events in women have yielded conflicting results. The authors assessed the associations of sex hormone levels with incident CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and heart failure (HF) events among women without CVD at baseline. The authors studied 2,834 post-menopausal women participating in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels measured at baseline (2000 to 2002). They used Cox hazard models to evaluate associations of sex hormones with each outcome, adjusting for demographics, CVD risk factors, and hormone therapy use. The mean age was 64.9 ± 8.9 years. During 12.1 years of follow-up, 283 CVD, 171 CHD, and 103 HF incident events occurred. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) associated with 1 SD greater log-transformed sex hormone level for the respective outcomes of CVD, CHD, and HF were as follows: total testosterone: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.29), 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.40), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.34); estradiol: 0.94 (95% CI: 0.80 to 1.11), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63 to 0.95), 0.78 (95% CI: 0.60 to 1.02); and testosterone/estradiol ratio: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.40), 1.45 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.78), 1.31 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.70). Dehydroepiandrosterone and SHBG levels were not associated with these outcomes. Among post-menopausal women, a higher testosterone/estradiol ratio was associated with an elevated risk for incident CVD, CHD, and HF events, higher levels of testosterone associated with increased CVD and CHD, whereas higher estradiol levels were associated with a lower CHD risk. Sex hormone levels after menopause are associated with women's increased CVD risk later in life. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 98 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 27 | 28% |
| Spain | 13 | 13% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 10 | 10% |
| Argentina | 2 | 2% |
| Italy | 2 | 2% |
| Mexico | 2 | 2% |
| Brazil | 2 | 2% |
| Nigeria | 1 | 1% |
| Greece | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 9 | 9% |
| Unknown | 29 | 30% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 58 | 59% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 17 | 17% |
| Scientists | 15 | 15% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 8 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 259 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 259 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 34 | 13% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 26 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 24 | 9% |
| Researcher | 20 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 16 | 6% |
| Other | 45 | 17% |
| Unknown | 94 | 36% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 62 | 24% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 28 | 11% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 18 | 7% |
| Psychology | 6 | 2% |
| Engineering | 5 | 2% |
| Other | 27 | 10% |
| Unknown | 113 | 44% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 227. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 February 2020.
All research outputs
#171,306
of 25,732,188 outputs
Outputs from JACC
#380
of 16,923 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#3,701
of 343,892 outputs
Outputs of similar age from JACC
#7
of 188 outputs
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