| Title |
Association between Firearm Laws and Homicide in Urban Counties
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Urban Health, May 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11524-018-0273-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Cassandra K. Crifasi, Molly Merrill-Francis, Alex McCourt, Jon S. Vernick, Garen J. Wintemute, Daniel W. Webster |
| Abstract |
Laws related to the sale, use, and carrying of firearms have been associated with differences in firearm homicide rates at the state level. Right-to-carry (RTC) and stand your ground (SYG) laws are associated with increases in firearm homicide; permit-to-purchase (PTP) laws and those prohibiting individuals convicted of violent misdemeanors (VM) have been associated with decreases in firearm homicide. Evidence for the effect of comprehensive background checks (CBC) not tied to PTP is inconclusive. Because firearm homicide tends to concentrate in urban areas, this study was designed to test the effects of firearm laws on homicide in large, urban U.S. counties. We conducted a longitudinal study using an interrupted time series design to evaluate the effect of firearm laws on homicide in large, urban U.S. counties from 1984 to 2015 (N = 136). We used mixed effects Poisson regression models with random intercepts for counties and year fixed effects to account for national trends. Models also included county and state characteristics associated with violence. Homicide was stratified by firearm versus all other methods to test for specificity of the laws' effects. PTP laws were associated with a 14% reduction in firearm homicide in large, urban counties (IRR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.82-0.90). CBC-only, SYG, RTC, and VM laws were all associated with increases in firearm homicide. None of the laws were associated with differences in non-firearm homicide rates. These findings are consistent with prior research at the state level showing PTP laws are associated with decreased firearm homicide. Testing the effects of PTP laws specifically in large, urban counties strengthens available evidence by isolating the effects in the geographic locations in which firearm homicides concentrate. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 97 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 66 | 68% |
| Colombia | 2 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | 2% |
| Australia | 1 | 1% |
| Georgia | 1 | 1% |
| Canada | 1 | 1% |
| Guinea | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 23 | 24% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 72 | 74% |
| Scientists | 10 | 10% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 10 | 10% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 4 | 4% |
| Unknown | 1 | 1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 77 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 77 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 16 | 21% |
| Researcher | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 8% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 8% |
| Other | 10 | 13% |
| Unknown | 23 | 30% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Social Sciences | 14 | 18% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 14 | 18% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 9 | 12% |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 3 | 4% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 6 | 8% |
| Unknown | 29 | 38% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 718. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 April 2024.
All research outputs
#28,748
of 25,709,917 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Urban Health
#5
of 1,726 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#601
of 345,074 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Urban Health
#2
of 33 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,709,917 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,726 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 22.6. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
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