Title |
Slip pulse and resonance of the Kathmandu basin during the 2015 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal
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Published in |
Science, August 2015
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DOI | 10.1126/science.aac6383 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
J Galetzka, D Melgar, J F Genrich, J Geng, S Owen, E O Lindsey, X Xu, Y Bock, J-P Avouac, L B Adhikari, B N Upreti, B Pratt-Sitaula, T N Bhattarai, B P Sitaula, A Moore, K W Hudnut, W Szeliga, J Normandeau, M Fend, M Flouzat, L Bollinger, P Shrestha, B Koirala, U Gautam, M Bhatterai, R Gupta, T Kandel, C Timsina, S N Sapkota, S Rajaure, N Maharjan |
Abstract |
Detailed geodetic imaging of earthquake rupture enhances our understanding of earthquake physics and induced ground shaking. The April 25, 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake is the first example of a large continental megathrust rupture beneath a high-rate (5 Hz) GPS network. We use GPS and InSAR data to model the earthquake rupture as a slip pulse of ~20 km width, ~6 s duration, and with peak sliding velocity of 1.1 m/s that propagated toward Kathmandu basin at ~3.3 km/s over ~140 km. The smooth slip onset, indicating a large ~5 m slip-weakening distance, caused moderate ground shaking at high >1Hz frequencies (~16% g) and limited damage to regular dwellings. Whole basin resonance at 4-5 s period caused collapse of tall structures, including cultural artifacts. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 9 | 23% |
United Kingdom | 4 | 10% |
Nepal | 2 | 5% |
Mexico | 2 | 5% |
India | 1 | 3% |
Sri Lanka | 1 | 3% |
France | 1 | 3% |
Colombia | 1 | 3% |
Germany | 1 | 3% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 17 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 29 | 74% |
Scientists | 8 | 21% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 2 | <1% |
India | 1 | <1% |
China | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 270 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 68 | 25% |
Researcher | 42 | 15% |
Student > Master | 24 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 21 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 14 | 5% |
Other | 43 | 16% |
Unknown | 63 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 120 | 44% |
Engineering | 21 | 8% |
Physics and Astronomy | 10 | 4% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 3% |
Environmental Science | 9 | 3% |
Other | 29 | 11% |
Unknown | 77 | 28% |