Title |
Population Variation and Genetic Control of Modular Chromatin Architecture in Humans
|
---|---|
Published in |
Cell, August 2015
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.001 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sebastian M. Waszak, Olivier Delaneau, Andreas R. Gschwind, Helena Kilpinen, Sunil K. Raghav, Robert M. Witwicki, Andrea Orioli, Michael Wiederkehr, Nikolaos I. Panousis, Alisa Yurovsky, Luciana Romano-Palumbo, Alexandra Planchon, Deborah Bielser, Ismael Padioleau, Gilles Udin, Sarah Thurnheer, David Hacker, Nouria Hernandez, Alexandre Reymond, Bart Deplancke, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis |
Abstract |
Chromatin state variation at gene regulatory elements is abundant across individuals, yet we understand little about the genetic basis of this variability. Here, we profiled several histone modifications, the transcription factor (TF) PU.1, RNA polymerase II, and gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines from 47 whole-genome sequenced individuals. We observed that distinct cis-regulatory elements exhibit coordinated chromatin variation across individuals in the form of variable chromatin modules (VCMs) at sub-Mb scale. VCMs were associated with thousands of genes and preferentially cluster within chromosomal contact domains. We mapped strong proximal and weak, yet more ubiquitous, distal-acting chromatin quantitative trait loci (cQTL) that frequently explain this variation. cQTLs were associated with molecular activity at clusters of cis-regulatory elements and mapped preferentially within TF-bound regions. We propose that local, sequence-independent chromatin variation emerges as a result of genetic perturbations in cooperative interactions between cis-regulatory elements that are located within the same genomic domain. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 28 | 41% |
Switzerland | 5 | 7% |
United Kingdom | 4 | 6% |
France | 4 | 6% |
Spain | 3 | 4% |
Belgium | 2 | 3% |
India | 1 | 1% |
Italy | 1 | 1% |
Egypt | 1 | 1% |
Other | 2 | 3% |
Unknown | 17 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 36 | 53% |
Members of the public | 29 | 43% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 3% |
Unknown | 1 | 1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 11 | 3% |
Spain | 4 | <1% |
Germany | 3 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 3 | <1% |
Denmark | 2 | <1% |
China | 2 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Lithuania | 1 | <1% |
Other | 6 | 1% |
Unknown | 401 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 126 | 29% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 124 | 29% |
Student > Bachelor | 31 | 7% |
Student > Master | 26 | 6% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 25 | 6% |
Other | 63 | 14% |
Unknown | 40 | 9% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 193 | 44% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 138 | 32% |
Computer Science | 21 | 5% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 16 | 4% |
Engineering | 5 | 1% |
Other | 18 | 4% |
Unknown | 44 | 10% |