Title |
Prolonged Blood-Brain Barrier Injury Occurs After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Is Not Acutely Associated with Additional Bleeding
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Published in |
Translational Stroke Research, June 2018
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DOI | 10.1007/s12975-018-0636-9 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Colby A. Nadeau, Kristen Dietrich, Cassandra M. Wilkinson, Andrew M. Crawford, Graham N. George, Helen K. Nichol, Frederick Colbourne |
Abstract |
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage along with altered element levels in the brain. BBB permeability was quantified at 3, 7, and 14 days with Evans Blue dye after collagenase-induced ICH in rat. At peak permeability (day 3), a gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agent was injected to further characterize BBB disruption, and X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) was used to map Gd, Fe, Cl, and other elements. XFI revealed that Ca, Cl, Gd, and Fe concentrations were significantly elevated, whereas K was significantly decreased. Therefore, using Gd-XFI, we co-determined BBB dysfunction with alterations in the metallome, including those that contribute to cell death and functional outcome. Warfarin was administered 3 days post-ICH to investigate whether additional or new bleeding occurs during peak BBB dysfunction, and hematoma volume was assessed on day 4. Warfarin administration prolonged bleeding time after a peripheral cut-induced bleed, but warfarin did not worsen hematoma volume. Accordingly, extensive BBB leakage occurred after ICH, but did not appear to affect total hematoma size. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 33 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 27% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 12% |
Student > Master | 4 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 6% |
Researcher | 2 | 6% |
Other | 4 | 12% |
Unknown | 8 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Neuroscience | 7 | 21% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 15% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 6% |
Psychology | 2 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 9% |
Unknown | 13 | 39% |