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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Evidence for α-synuclein prions causing multiple system atrophy in humans with parkinsonism
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, August 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1073/pnas.1514475112 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Stanley B. Prusiner, Amanda L. Woerman, Daniel A. Mordes, Joel C. Watts, Ryan Rampersaud, David B. Berry, Smita Patel, Abby Oehler, Jennifer K. Lowe, Stephanie N. Kravitz, Daniel H. Geschwind, David V. Glidden, Glenda M. Halliday, Lefkos T. Middleton, Steve M. Gentleman, Lea T. Grinberg, Kurt Giles |
| Abstract |
Prions are proteins that adopt alternative conformations that become self-propagating; the PrP(Sc) prion causes the rare human disorder Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). We report here that multiple system atrophy (MSA) is caused by a different human prion composed of the α-synuclein protein. MSA is a slowly evolving disorder characterized by progressive loss of autonomic nervous system function and often signs of parkinsonism; the neuropathological hallmark of MSA is glial cytoplasmic inclusions consisting of filaments of α-synuclein. To determine whether human α-synuclein forms prions, we examined 14 human brain homogenates for transmission to cultured human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells expressing full-length, mutant human α-synuclein fused to yellow fluorescent protein (α-syn140*A53T-YFP) and TgM83(+/-) mice expressing α-synuclein (A53T). The TgM83(+/-) mice that were hemizygous for the mutant transgene did not develop spontaneous illness; in contrast, the TgM83(+/+) mice that were homozygous developed neurological dysfunction. Brain extracts from 14 MSA cases all transmitted neurodegeneration to TgM83(+/-) mice after incubation periods of ∼120 d, which was accompanied by deposition of α-synuclein within neuronal cell bodies and axons. All of the MSA extracts also induced aggregation of α-syn*A53T-YFP in cultured cells, whereas none of six Parkinson's disease (PD) extracts or a control sample did so. Our findings argue that MSA is caused by a unique strain of α-synuclein prions, which is different from the putative prions causing PD and from those causing spontaneous neurodegeneration in TgM83(+/+) mice. Remarkably, α-synuclein is the first new human prion to be identified, to our knowledge, since the discovery a half century ago that CJD was transmissible. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 55 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 11 | 20% |
| United Kingdom | 6 | 11% |
| Canada | 3 | 5% |
| Japan | 2 | 4% |
| Australia | 1 | 2% |
| San Marino | 1 | 2% |
| Mexico | 1 | 2% |
| Germany | 1 | 2% |
| Sweden | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 3 | 5% |
| Unknown | 25 | 45% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 40 | 73% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 10 | 18% |
| Scientists | 4 | 7% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 593 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 5 | <1% |
| Germany | 4 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 4 | <1% |
| Italy | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Costa Rica | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| China | 1 | <1% |
| India | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 574 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 110 | 19% |
| Researcher | 89 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 85 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 83 | 14% |
| Professor | 26 | 4% |
| Other | 93 | 16% |
| Unknown | 107 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroscience | 107 | 18% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 106 | 18% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 92 | 16% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 80 | 13% |
| Chemistry | 31 | 5% |
| Other | 52 | 9% |
| Unknown | 125 | 21% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 169. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 January 2024.
All research outputs
#240,925
of 25,480,126 outputs
Outputs from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#4,497
of 103,190 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#2,863
of 277,505 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#66
of 871 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,480,126 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 103,190 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 39.5. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 277,505 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 871 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 92% of its contemporaries.