| Title |
Cooperation in wild Barbary macaques: factors affecting free partner choice
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Animal Cognition, September 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10071-015-0919-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Sandra Molesti, Bonaventura Majolo |
| Abstract |
A key aspect of cooperation is partner choice: choosing the best available partner improves the chances of a successful cooperative interaction and decreases the likelihood of being exploited. However, in studies on cooperation subjects are rarely allowed to freely choose their partners. Group-living animals live in a complex social environment where they can choose among several social partners differing in, for example, sex, age, temperament, or dominance status. Our study investigated whether wild Barbary macaques succeed to cooperate using an experimental apparatus, and whether individual and social factors affect their choice of partners and the degree of cooperation. We used the string pulling task that requires two monkeys to manipulate simultaneously a rope in order to receive a food reward. The monkeys were free to interact with the apparatus or not and to choose their partner. The results showed that Barbary macaques are able to pair up with a partner to cooperate using the apparatus. High level of tolerance between monkeys was necessary for the initiation of successful cooperation, while strong social bond positively affected the maintenance of cooperative interactions. Dominance status, sex, age, and temperament of the subjects also affected their choice and performance. These factors thus need to be taken into account in cooperative experiment on animals. Tolerance between social partners is likely to be a prerequisite for the evolution of cooperation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 14 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 2 | 14% |
| United States | 2 | 14% |
| Australia | 1 | 7% |
| Germany | 1 | 7% |
| India | 1 | 7% |
| Unknown | 7 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 6 | 43% |
| Scientists | 5 | 36% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 14% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 112 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | 2 | 2% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 108 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 27 | 24% |
| Student > Master | 14 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 14 | 13% |
| Researcher | 9 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 4% |
| Other | 16 | 14% |
| Unknown | 27 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 34 | 30% |
| Psychology | 20 | 18% |
| Environmental Science | 7 | 6% |
| Neuroscience | 4 | 4% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 9 | 8% |
| Unknown | 35 | 31% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 11. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 April 2018.
All research outputs
#3,096,793
of 24,364,603 outputs
Outputs from Animal Cognition
#578
of 1,534 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#40,228
of 271,952 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Animal Cognition
#5
of 22 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,364,603 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 87th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,534 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 35.3. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 271,952 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 22 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 81% of its contemporaries.