Title |
Cardiovascular Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes Clinical Perspectives From the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Section Leadership Council and Early Career Councils of the American College of Cardiology
|
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Published in |
JACC, September 2015
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.037 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Pamela B. Morris, Brian A. Ference, Eiman Jahangir, Dmitriy N. Feldman, John J. Ryan, Hossein Bahrami, Mikhael F. El-Chami, Shyam Bhakta, David E. Winchester, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Monica Sanchez Shields, Prakash Deedwania, Laxmi S. Mehta, Binh An P. Phan, Neal L. Benowitz |
Abstract |
Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of inhaled tobacco products continues to be a global healthcare crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income nations lacking the infrastructure to develop and implement effective public health policies limiting tobacco use. Following initiation of public awareness campaigns 50 years ago in the United States, considerable success has been achieved in reducing the prevalence of cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. However, there has been a slowing of cessation rates in the United States during recent years, possibly caused by high residual addiction or fatigue from cessation messaging. Furthermore, tobacco products have continued to evolve faster than the scientific understanding of their biological effects. This review considers selected updates on the genetics and epigenetics of smoking behavior and associated cardiovascular risk, mechanisms of atherogenesis and thrombosis, clinical effects of smoking and benefits of cessation, and potential impact of electronic cigarettes on cardiovascular health. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 14 | 27% |
Spain | 6 | 12% |
France | 2 | 4% |
Saudi Arabia | 2 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 4% |
Germany | 1 | 2% |
Australia | 1 | 2% |
Turkey | 1 | 2% |
India | 1 | 2% |
Other | 2 | 4% |
Unknown | 20 | 38% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 34 | 65% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 9 | 17% |
Scientists | 7 | 13% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 4% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 252 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 38 | 15% |
Researcher | 25 | 10% |
Student > Master | 22 | 9% |
Other | 21 | 8% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 7% |
Other | 55 | 22% |
Unknown | 75 | 30% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 70 | 28% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 14 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 13 | 5% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 11 | 4% |
Social Sciences | 9 | 4% |
Other | 52 | 21% |
Unknown | 84 | 33% |