Title |
Comparison of model- and design-based approaches to detect the treatment effect and covariate by treatment interactions in three-level models for multisite cluster-randomized trials
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Published in |
Behavior Research Methods, July 2018
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DOI | 10.3758/s13428-018-1080-1 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Burak Aydin, James Algina, Walter L. Leite |
Abstract |
In this study, we evaluated the estimation of three important parameters for data collected in a multisite cluster-randomized trial (MS-CRT): the treatment effect, and the treatment by covariate interactions at Levels 1 and 2. The Level 1 and Level 2 interaction parameters are the coefficients for the products of the treatment indicator, with the covariate centered on its Level 2 expected value and with the Level 2 expected value centered on its Level 3 expected value, respectively. A comparison of a model-based approach to design-based approaches was performed using simulation studies. The results showed that both approaches produced similar treatment effect estimates and interaction estimates at Level 1, as well as similar Type I error rates and statistical power. However, the estimate of the Level 2 interaction coefficient for the product of the treatment indicator and an arithmetic mean of the Level 1 covariate was severely biased in most conditions. Therefore, applied researchers should be cautious when using arithmetic means to form a treatment by covariate interaction at Level 2 in MS-CRT data. |
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