| Title |
Human parasitic protozoan infection to infertility: a systematic review
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Parasitology Research, November 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00436-015-4827-y |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Malihe Nourollahpour Shiadeh, Maryam Niyyati, Shirzad Fallahi, Ali Rostami |
| Abstract |
Protozoan parasitic diseases are endemic in many countries worldwide, especially in developing countries, where infertility is a major burden. It has been reported that such infections may cause infertility through impairment in male and female reproductive systems. We searched Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases and Google scholar to identify the potentially relevant studies on protozoan parasitic infections and their implications in human and animal model infertility. Literature described that some of the protozoan parasites such as Trichomonas vaginalis may cause deformities of the genital tract, cervical neoplasia, and tubal and atypical pelvic inflammations in women and also non-gonoccocal urethritis, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia in men. Toxopalasma gondii could cause endometritis, impaired folliculogenesis, ovarian and uterine atrophy, adrenal hypertrophy, vasculitis, and cessation of estrus cycling in female and also decrease in semen quality, concentration, and motility in male. Trypanosoma cruzi inhibits cell division in embryos and impairs normal implantation and development of placenta. Decrease in gestation rate, infection of hormone-producing glands, parasite invasion of the placenta, and overproduction of inflammatory cytokines in the oviducts and uterine horns are other possible mechanisms induced by Trypanosoma cruzi to infertility. Plasmodium spp. and Trypanosoma brucei spp. cause damage in pituitary gland, hormonal disorders, and decreased semen quality. Entamoeba histolytica infection leads to pelvic pain, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and genital ulcers. Cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis can induce genital lesion, testicular amyloidosis, inflammation of epididymis, prostatitis, and sperm abnormality in human and animals. In addition, some epidemiological studies have reported that rates of protozoan infections in infertile patients are higher than healthy controls. The current review indicates that protozoan parasitic infections may be an important cause of infertility. Given the widespread prevalence of parasitic protozoa diseases worldwide, we suggest further studies to better understanding of relationship between such infections and infertility. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 3 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 139 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 138 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 21 | 15% |
| Researcher | 19 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 19 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 19 | 14% |
| Lecturer | 6 | 4% |
| Other | 26 | 19% |
| Unknown | 29 | 21% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 37 | 27% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 18 | 13% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 11% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 11 | 8% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 3% |
| Other | 19 | 14% |
| Unknown | 35 | 25% |
Attention Score in Context
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#17,051,363
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Outputs from Parasitology Research
#1,945
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#153,652
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Outputs of similar age from Parasitology Research
#37
of 104 outputs
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