| Title |
New perspectives in gaze sensitivity research
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Learning & Behavior, November 2015
|
| DOI | 10.3758/s13420-015-0204-z |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Gabrielle L. Davidson, Nicola S. Clayton |
| Abstract |
Attending to where others are looking is thought to be of great adaptive benefit for animals when avoiding predators and interacting with group members. Many animals have been reported to respond to the gaze of others, by co-orienting their gaze with group members (gaze following) and/or responding fearfully to the gaze of predators or competitors (i.e., gaze aversion). Much of the literature has focused on the cognitive underpinnings of gaze sensitivity, namely whether animals have an understanding of the attention and visual perspectives in others. Yet there remain several unanswered questions regarding how animals learn to follow or avoid gaze and how experience may influence their behavioral responses. Many studies on the ontogeny of gaze sensitivity have shed light on how and when gaze abilities emerge and change across development, indicating the necessity to explore gaze sensitivity when animals are exposed to additional information from their environment as adults. Gaze aversion may be dependent upon experience and proximity to different predator types, other cues of predation risk, and the salience of gaze cues. Gaze following in the context of information transfer within social groups may also be dependent upon experience with group-members; therefore we propose novel means to explore the degree to which animals respond to gaze in a flexible manner, namely by inhibiting or enhancing gaze following responses. We hope this review will stimulate gaze sensitivity research to expand beyond the narrow scope of investigating underlying cognitive mechanisms, and to explore how gaze cues may function to communicate information other than attention. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Japan | 2 | 25% |
| Canada | 1 | 13% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 13% |
| Unknown | 4 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 5 | 63% |
| Scientists | 2 | 25% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 13% |
Mendeley readers
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 2 | 3% |
| United States | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 73 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 17% |
| Researcher | 12 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 12 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 13% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 8 | 11% |
| Unknown | 18 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 18 | 24% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 14 | 18% |
| Environmental Science | 6 | 8% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 4% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 9 | 12% |
| Unknown | 24 | 32% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 70. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 24 August 2022.
All research outputs
#613,979
of 25,374,917 outputs
Outputs from Learning & Behavior
#13
of 904 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#10,023
of 392,477 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Learning & Behavior
#1
of 11 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 904 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 9.1. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 11 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its contemporaries.