Title |
Biomarkers of drug-induced acute kidney injury in the adult
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Published in |
Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, September 2015
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DOI | 10.1517/17425255.2015.1083011 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Glenda C Gobe, Jeff S Coombes, Robert G Fassett, Zoltan H Endre |
Abstract |
This article addresses general biomarkers of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and their application in development and progression of AKI in the adult. It also highlights some clinical benefits, but also uncertainties, of biomarker use. Drug-induced AKI is traditionally diagnosed by monitoring serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen and albuminuria. The sensitivity of these measures is, however, limited to well-established AKI. Application of selected biomarkers for early diagnosis of drug-induced AKI may inform on progression of AKI and alert clinicians to adopt renoprotective strategies at the earliest times. Novel biomarkers, accepted for early detection of drug-induced AKI (kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase), may be useful additions in panels of biomarkers. Clinical biomarkers of cell cycle arrest, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 show promise but need further validation in clinical trials. Traditional parameters, such as SCr, provide some guidance for functional decline in drug-induced AKI but early, more sensitive, affordable, clinically acceptable, biomarkers of kidney dysfunction are needed. Basic biological understanding of AKI will improve with high-throughput methodologies such as proteomics and metabolomics, and this should lead to identification and usage of novel biomarkers. Ultimately, a combination of biomarkers indicating kidney dysfunction and damage is likely to be required. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 51 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Master | 9 | 18% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 18% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 10% |
Researcher | 5 | 10% |
Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 8% |
Other | 8 | 16% |
Unknown | 11 | 22% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 15 | 29% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 14% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 12% |
Engineering | 3 | 6% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 4% |
Other | 6 | 12% |
Unknown | 12 | 24% |