Title |
International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and performance
|
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Published in |
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, May 2022
|
DOI | 10.1186/1550-2783-7-5 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Erica R Goldstein, Tim Ziegenfuss, Doug Kalman, Richard Kreider, Bill Campbell, Colin Wilborn, Lem Taylor, Darryn Willoughby, Jeff Stout, B Sue Graves, Robert Wildman, John L Ivy, Marie Spano, Abbie E Smith, Jose Antonio |
Abstract |
Position Statement: The position of The Society regarding caffeine supplementation and sport performance is summarized by the following seven points: 1.) Caffeine is effective for enhancing sport performance in trained athletes when consumed in low-to-moderate dosages (~3-6 mg/kg) and overall does not result in further enhancement in performance when consumed in higher dosages (>/= 9 mg/kg). 2.) Caffeine exerts a greater ergogenic effect when consumed in an anhydrous state as compared to coffee. 3.) It has been shown that caffeine can enhance vigilance during bouts of extended exhaustive exercise, as well as periods of sustained sleep deprivation. 4.) Caffeine is ergogenic for sustained maximal endurance exercise, and has been shown to be highly effective for time-trial performance. 5.) Caffeine supplementation is beneficial for high-intensity exercise, including team sports such as soccer and rugby, both of which are categorized by intermittent activity within a period of prolonged duration. 6.) The literature is equivocal when considering the effects of caffeine supplementation on strength-power performance, and additional research in this area is warranted. 7.) The scientific literature does not support caffeine-induced diuresis during exercise, or any harmful change in fluid balance that would negatively affect performance. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 33 | 20% |
Spain | 17 | 11% |
United Kingdom | 16 | 10% |
Colombia | 11 | 7% |
Ireland | 4 | 2% |
France | 4 | 2% |
Japan | 3 | 2% |
Brazil | 2 | 1% |
Canada | 2 | 1% |
Other | 12 | 7% |
Unknown | 57 | 35% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 114 | 71% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 23 | 14% |
Scientists | 21 | 13% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 1% |
Unknown | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 7 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 6 | <1% |
United States | 4 | <1% |
Spain | 4 | <1% |
Chile | 2 | <1% |
Nigeria | 2 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
Austria | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Other | 7 | <1% |
Unknown | 1221 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 318 | 25% |
Student > Master | 239 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 109 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 71 | 6% |
Researcher | 61 | 5% |
Other | 195 | 16% |
Unknown | 263 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Sports and Recreations | 380 | 30% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 156 | 12% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 128 | 10% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 122 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 49 | 4% |
Other | 140 | 11% |
Unknown | 281 | 22% |