Experiences with the Mass Distribution of LPG Stoves in Rural Communities of Ghana

Martha Ali Abdulai, Samuel Afari-Asiedu, Daniel Carrion, Kenneth Ayuurebobi Ae-Ngibise, Stephaney Gyaase, Mujtaba Mohammed, Oscar Agyei, Ellen Boamah-Kaali, Theresa Tawiah, Rebecca Dwommoh, Francis Agbokey, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Kwaku Poku Asante, Darby Jack

Household air pollution (HAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To limit HAP exposure and environmental degradation from biomass fuel use, the Government of Ghana promotes liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) use in rural Ghana via the Rural LPG program (RLP). We assessed the experiences of the RLP in 2015, 2 years after its launch. A mixed methods approach was used involving Focus Group Discussions (19) and in-depth interviews (25). In addition, a survey questionnaire was administered to elicit socio-demographic characteristics, household cooking practices and stove use patterns of 200 randomly selected respondents. At about 9 months after LPG acquisition, < 5% of LPG beneficiaries used their stoves. Some of the reasons ascribed to the low usage of the LPG cookstoves were financial constraints, distance to LPG filling point and fear of burns. Community members appreciate the convenience of using LPG. Our results underscore a need for innovative funding mechanisms contextualized within an overall economic empowerment of rural folks to encourage sustained LPG use. It emphasizes the need for innovative accessibility interventions. This could include establishing new LPG filling stations in RLP beneficiary districts to overcome the barriers to sustained LPG use.