| Title |
Cannabidiol modulation of antinociceptive tolerance to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Psychopharmacology, September 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00213-018-5036-z |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Nicholas Z. Greene, Jenny L. Wiley, Zhihao Yu, Brian H. Clowers, Rebecca M. Craft |
| Abstract |
Humans typically self-administer cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) together repeatedly (as in cannabis, cannabis extract, or Sativex®) to relieve pain. It has been suggested that one benefit of the drug combination may be decreased tolerance development. The present study compared the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of THC given alone versus combined with CBD, in rats. THC dose-effect curves on tail withdrawal and paw pressure tests were obtained before and after twice-daily treatment with vehicle or CBD (10 mg/kg), plus vehicle or THC (3.6 mg/kg females; 9.3 mg/kg males) for 4 days. On the first day, THC was more potent in females than males on both nociceptive tests. From pre- to post-chronic (day 1 to day 6), THC potency on the tail withdrawal test decreased more in females than males, and rats that had been treated with CBD + THC repeatedly showed greater rightward/downward shifts of the THC dose-effect curve than rats that had been treated with THC alone. Analysis of blood samples taken after day 6 testing showed that serum THC levels were higher in CBD + THC-treated females than in vehicle + THC-treated females, and THC's active metabolite 11-OH-THC and its inactive metabolite THC-COOH were lower in CBD + THC-treated rats than in vehicle + THC-treated rats of both sexes. CBD also increased serum levels of the active metabolite cannabinol in both sexes. The decrease in THC's antinociceptive effects after repeated CBD exposure may be due to CBD-induced inhibition of THC metabolism, and/or antagonism of THC effects that emerges with repeated CBD treatment. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | 33% |
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 67% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 74 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 74 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 15% |
| Researcher | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 11% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 5% |
| Student > Master | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 8 | 11% |
| Unknown | 30 | 41% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 11 | 15% |
| Neuroscience | 11 | 15% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 12% |
| Psychology | 3 | 4% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 6 | 8% |
| Unknown | 32 | 43% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 December 2018.
All research outputs
#14,425,486
of 23,103,903 outputs
Outputs from Psychopharmacology
#4,085
of 5,377 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#191,730
of 342,063 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Psychopharmacology
#47
of 65 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,103,903 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 35th percentile – i.e., 35% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 65 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 20th percentile – i.e., 20% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.