Impact of respiratory motion correction on SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging using a mechanically moving phantom assembly with variable cardiac defects

Irene Polycarpou, Isabelle Chrysanthou-Baustert, Ourania Demetriadou, Yiannis Parpottas, Christoforos Panagidis, Paul K Marsden, Lefteris Livieratos

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of respiratory motion correction on SPECT MPI and on defect detection using a phantom assembly. SPECT/CT data were acquired using an anthropomorphic phantom with inflatable lungs and with an ECG beating and moving cardiac compartment. The heart motion followed the respiratory pattern in the cranio-caudal direction to simulate normal or deep breathing. Small or large transmural defects were inserted into the myocardial wall of the left ventricle. SPECT/CT images were acquired for each of the four respiratory phases, from exhale to inhale. A respiratory motion correction was applied using an image-based method with transformation parameters derived from the SPECT data by a non-rigid registration algorithm. A report on defect detection from two physicians and a quantitative analysis on MPI data were performed before and after applying motion correction. Respiratory motion correction eliminated artifacts present in the images, resulting in a uniform uptake and reduction of motion blurring, especially in the inferior and anterior regions of the LV myocardial walls. The physicians' report after motion correction showed that images were corrected for motion. A combination of motion correction with attenuation correction reduces artifacts in SPECT MPI. AC-SPECT images with and without motion correction should be simultaneously inspected to report on small defects.