| Title |
The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis induced by tanshinone IIA in prostate cancer cells
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Tumor Biology, December 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s13277-015-4602-9 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Chunlong Li, Xiancheng Han, Hong Zhang, Jinsheng Wu, Bao Li |
| Abstract |
Tanshinone IIA (T2A), a derivative of phenanthrenequinone and also the major active ingredient of Danshen, has been paid extensive attention as a promising cancer therapy for its potential anti-cancer activities. In this study, the apoptosis and autophagy of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells were observed after 5 μM T2A treatment, as well as their relevance. Mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis was firstly detected through morphological observation and biochemical analysis. Meanwhile, 5 μM T2A successfully triggered the autophagy of PC-3 cells, indicated by increased expression of Beclin1, and LC3 II. Validation experiments were conducted to further consolidate T2A's contribution to autophagy: Pretreatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) provided protection against autophagy and enhanced T2A-induced apoptosis. Besides, the apoptosis suppressor z-VAD-fmk failed to facilitate the formation of autophagic vacuoles, which also proved the T2A-induced autophagy independent of apoptosis. Moreover, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) efficiently inhibited the expression of Beclin1, LC3-II, and cleaved caspase-3, which indicated apoptosis and autophagy with dependence on intracellular ROS production. Taken together, these results demonstrated that autophagy is the cytoprotective mechanism in this experimental system, and the ROS resulted from T2A treatment played a critical role in apoptosis and autophagy initiation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 13 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 1 | 8% |
| Unknown | 12 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 2 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 15% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 2 | 15% |
| Unknown | 3 | 23% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 23% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 23% |
| Chemistry | 2 | 15% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 8% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 8% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 3 | 23% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 22 December 2015.
All research outputs
#20,299,108
of 22,836,570 outputs
Outputs from Tumor Biology
#1,834
of 2,622 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#326,760
of 389,451 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Tumor Biology
#194
of 303 outputs
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