MicroRNA-21 promotes proliferation, invasion and suppresses apoptosis in human osteosarcoma line MG63 through PTEN/Akt pathway

Chen Lv, Yuehan Hao, Guanjun Tu

Osteosarcoma, which accounts for 5 % of pediatric tumor, remains the major cause of death among orthopedic malignancies. However, the factors associated with its malignant biological behavior are still poorly understood. MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs, which have been considered to associate with malignant progression including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and distant metastasis. In our research, we found that microRNA-21 (miR-21) was significantly overexpressed in human osteosarcoma cell line MG63 compared to human fetal osteoblastic cell line hFOB1.19 by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, miR-21 overexpression in MG63 caused a significant raise in cell proliferation and invasion and a significant reduction in cell apoptosis. However, miR-21 underexpression in MG63 caused an opposite result. Western blotting displayed that proteins related with proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were significantly changed in different groups, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PTEN may be a potential target of miR-21 in MG63 cells and miR-21 could activate PI3K/Akt pathway by suppressing PTEN expression. In summary, our findings suggested that miR-21 played an active role in osteosarcoma and it could predict the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma.