Title |
Resolving the ancestry of Austronesian-speaking populations
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Published in |
Human Genetics, January 2016
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DOI | 10.1007/s00439-015-1620-z |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Pedro A. Soares, Jean A. Trejaut, Teresa Rito, Bruno Cavadas, Catherine Hill, Ken Khong Eng, Maru Mormina, Andreia Brandão, Ross M. Fraser, Tse-Yi Wang, Jun-Hun Loo, Christopher Snell, Tsang-Ming Ko, António Amorim, Maria Pala, Vincent Macaulay, David Bulbeck, James F. Wilson, Leonor Gusmão, Luísa Pereira, Stephen Oppenheimer, Marie Lin, Martin B. Richards |
Abstract |
There are two very different interpretations of the prehistory of Island Southeast Asia (ISEA), with genetic evidence invoked in support of both. The "out-of-Taiwan" model proposes a major Late Holocene expansion of Neolithic Austronesian speakers from Taiwan. An alternative, proposing that Late Glacial/postglacial sea-level rises triggered largely autochthonous dispersals, accounts for some otherwise enigmatic genetic patterns, but fails to explain the Austronesian language dispersal. Combining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), Y-chromosome and genome-wide data, we performed the most comprehensive analysis of the region to date, obtaining highly consistent results across all three systems and allowing us to reconcile the models. We infer a primarily common ancestry for Taiwan/ISEA populations established before the Neolithic, but also detected clear signals of two minor Late Holocene migrations, probably representing Neolithic input from both Mainland Southeast Asia and South China, via Taiwan. This latter may therefore have mediated the Austronesian language dispersal, implying small-scale migration and language shift rather than large-scale expansion. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 19% |
Canada | 1 | 5% |
Taiwan | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 15 | 71% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 17 | 81% |
Scientists | 4 | 19% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | 1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Denmark | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 142 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 27 | 18% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 23 | 15% |
Student > Master | 17 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 9 | 6% |
Other | 25 | 17% |
Unknown | 23 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 33 | 22% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 31 | 21% |
Social Sciences | 19 | 13% |
Arts and Humanities | 16 | 11% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 3% |
Other | 20 | 13% |
Unknown | 25 | 17% |