Title |
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Against HIV: New Insights to Inform Vaccine Design
|
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Published in |
Annual Review of Medicine, November 2015
|
DOI | 10.1146/annurev-med-091014-090749 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Saheli Sadanand, Todd J Suscovich, Galit Alter |
Abstract |
HIV-1 poses immense immunological challenges to the humoral immune response because of its ability to shield itself and replicate and evolve rapidly. Although most currently licensed vaccines provide protection via the induction of antibodies (Abs) that can directly block infection (1), 30 years of HIV-1 vaccine research has failed to successfully elicit such Abs against globally relevant HIV strains. However, mounting evidence suggests that these broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) do emerge naturally in a significant fraction of infected subjects, albeit after years of infection, indicating that these responses can be selected naturally by the immune response but take long periods of time to evolve. We review the basic structural characteristics of broadly neutralizing antibodies and how they recognize the virus, and we discuss new vaccination strategies that aim to mimic natural evolution to guide B cells to produce protective Abs against HIV-1. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Medicine Volume 67 is January 14, 2016. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/catalog/pubdates.aspx for revised estimates. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Kenya | 1 | 50% |
Canada | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Italy | 1 | 1% |
Sweden | 1 | 1% |
South Africa | 1 | 1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
Peru | 1 | 1% |
Puerto Rico | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 86 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 22% |
Researcher | 16 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 15% |
Student > Master | 11 | 12% |
Other | 5 | 5% |
Other | 10 | 11% |
Unknown | 16 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 20 | 22% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 19 | 21% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 18 | 20% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 14% |
Environmental Science | 1 | 1% |
Other | 6 | 7% |
Unknown | 15 | 16% |