Title |
Dietary Betaine Supplementation Increases Fgf21 Levels to Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Reduce Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Mice
|
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Published in |
Diabetes, February 2016
|
DOI | 10.2337/db15-1094 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Asma Ejaz, Laura Martinez-Guino, Allison B. Goldfine, Francesc Ribas-Aulinas, Valeria De Nigris, Sílvia Ribó, Alba Gonzalez-Franquesa, Pablo M. Garcia-Roves, Elizabeth Li, Jonathan M. Dreyfuss, Walt Gall, Jason K. Kim, Teodoro Bottiglieri, Francesc Villarroya, Robert E. Gerszten, Mary-Elizabeth Patti, Carles Lerin |
Abstract |
Identifying markers of human insulin resistance may permit development of new approaches for treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. To this end, we analyzed the fasting plasma metabolome in metabolically characterized human volunteers across a spectrum of insulin resistance. We demonstrate that plasma betaine levels are reduced in insulin resistant humans, and correlate closely with insulin sensitivity. Moreover, betaine administration to diet-induced obese mice prevents the development of impaired glucose homeostasis, reduces hepatic lipid accumulation, increases white adipose oxidative capacity, and enhances whole-body energy expenditure. In parallel with these beneficial metabolic effects, betaine supplementation robustly increased hepatic and circulating Fgf21 levels. Betaine administration failed to improve glucose homeostasis and liver fat content in Fgf21(-/-) mice, demonstrating that Fgf21 is necessary for betaine's beneficial effects. Together, these data indicate that dietary betaine increases Fgf21 levels to improve metabolic health in mice, and suggest that betaine supplementation merits further investigation as a supplement for treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes in humans. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 1 | 9% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 9% |
Unknown | 9 | 82% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 9 | 82% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 9% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Japan | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 76 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 13 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 16% |
Student > Master | 9 | 12% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 8% |
Other | 10 | 13% |
Unknown | 20 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 17% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 13% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 8% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 5% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 4% |
Other | 15 | 19% |
Unknown | 26 | 34% |