Title |
Rac1 promotes TGF-β-stimulated mesangial cell type I collagen expression through a PI3K/Akt-dependent mechanism
|
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Published in |
American Journal of Physiology: Renal, Fluid & Electrolyte Physiology, September 2009
|
DOI | 10.1152/ajprenal.00345.2009 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Susan C. Hubchak, Erin E. Sparks, Tomoko Hayashida, H. William Schnaper |
Abstract |
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is a central mediator in the progression of glomerulosclerosis, leading to accumulation of aberrant extracellular matrix proteins and inappropriate expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin in the kidney. Previously, we reported that disrupting the cytoskeleton diminished TGF-beta-stimulated type I collagen accumulation in human mesangial cells. As cytoskeletal signaling molecules, including the Rho-family GTPases, have been implicated in fibrogenesis, we sought to determine the respective roles of RhoA and Rac1 in HMC collagen I expression. TGF-beta1 activated both RhoA and Rac1 within 5 min of treatment, and this activation was dependent on the kinase activity of the type I TGF-beta receptor. TGF-beta1-stimulated induction of type I collagen mRNA expression and promoter activity was diminished by inhibiting Rac1 activity and was increased by a constitutively active Rac1 mutant, whereas inhibiting RhoA activity had no such effect. Rac1 activation required phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) activity. Furthermore, the PI3K antagonist, LY294002, reduced TGF-beta1-stimulated COL1A2 promoter activity and Rac1 activation. It also partially blocked active Rac1-stimulated collagen promoter activity, suggesting that PI3K activity contributes to both TGF-beta activation of Rac1 and signal propagation downstream of Rac1. Thus, while both Rac1 and RhoA are rapidly activated in response to TGF-beta1 in human mesangial cells, only Rac1 activation enhances events that contribute to mesangial cell collagen expression, through a positive feedback loop involving PI3K. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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United States | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 29 | 88% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 4 | 12% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 4 | 12% |
Professor | 2 | 6% |
Lecturer | 2 | 6% |
Other | 7 | 21% |
Unknown | 4 | 12% |
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---|---|---|
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Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 24% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 6 | 18% |
Engineering | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 5 | 15% |