Title |
Interleukin 17 Promotes Angiotensin II–Induced Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction
|
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Published in |
Hypertension, December 2009
|
DOI | 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.145094 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Meena S. Madhur, Heinrich E. Lob, Louise A. McCann, Yoichiro Iwakura, Yelena Blinder, Tomasz J. Guzik, David G. Harrison |
Abstract |
We have shown previously that T cells are required for the full development of angiotensin II-induced hypertension. However, the specific subsets of T cells that are important in this process are unknown. T helper 17 cells represent a novel subset that produces the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 17 (IL-17). We found that angiotensin II infusion increased IL-17 production from T cells and IL-17 protein in the aortic media. To determine the effect of IL-17 on blood pressure and vascular function, we studied IL-17(-/-) mice. The initial hypertensive response to angiotensin II infusion was similar in IL-17(-/-) and C57BL/6J mice. However, hypertension was not sustained in IL-17(-/-) mice, reaching levels 30-mm Hg lower than in wild-type mice by 4 weeks of angiotensin II infusion. Vessels from IL-17(-/-) mice displayed preserved vascular function, decreased superoxide production, and reduced T-cell infiltration in response to angiotensin II. Gene array analysis of cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells revealed that IL-17, in conjunction with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, modulated expression of >30 genes, including a number of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Examination of IL-17 in diabetic humans showed that serum levels of this cytokine were significantly increased in those with hypertension compared with normotensive subjects. We conclude that IL-17 is critical for the maintenance of angiotensin II-induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction and might be a therapeutic target for this widespread disease. |
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Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 4 | 1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
Colombia | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Chile | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 313 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 55 | 17% |
Researcher | 53 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 36 | 11% |
Student > Master | 33 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 23 | 7% |
Other | 59 | 18% |
Unknown | 62 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 105 | 33% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 49 | 15% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 29 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 18 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 13 | 4% |
Other | 28 | 9% |
Unknown | 79 | 25% |