| Title |
A new type of quinoxalinone derivatives affects viability, invasion, and intracellular growth of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Parasitology Research, February 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00436-016-4953-1 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Norma Rivera Fernández, Mónica Mondragón Castelán, Sirenia González Pozos, Carlos J. Ramírez Flores, Ricardo Mondragón González, Carmen T. Gómez de León, Kitzia N. Castro Elizalde, Yovani Marrero Ponce, Vicente J. Arán, Miriam A. Martins Alho, Ricardo Mondragón Flores |
| Abstract |
Quinoxalinone derivatives, identified as VAM2 compounds (7-nitroquinoxalin-2-ones), were evaluated against Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites of the RH strain. The VAM2 compounds were previously synthesized based on the design obtained from an in silico prediction with the software TOMOCOMD-CARDD. From the ten VAM2 drugs tested, several showed a deleterious effect on tachyzoites. However, VAM2-2 showed the highest toxoplasmicidal activity generating a remarkable decrease in tachyzoite viability (in about 91 %) and a minimal alteration in the host cell. An evident inhibition of host cell invasion by tachyzoites previously treated with VAM2-2 was observed in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, remarkable alterations were observed in the pellicle parasite, such as swelling, roughness, and blebbing. Toxoplasma motility was inhibited, and subpellicular cytoskeleton integrity was altered, inducing a release of its components to the soluble fraction. VAM2-2 showed a clear and specific deleterious effect on tachyzoites viability, structural integrity, and invasive capabilities with limited effects in host cells morphology and viability. VAM2-2 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) was determined as 3.3 μM ± 1.8. Effects of quinoxalinone derivatives on T. gondii provide the basis for a future therapeutical alternative in the treatment of toxoplasmosis. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Armenia | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 28 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 28 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 4 | 14% |
| Researcher | 4 | 14% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 11% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 2 | 7% |
| Unknown | 8 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 21% |
| Chemistry | 3 | 11% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 7% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 2 | 7% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 7% |
| Other | 3 | 11% |
| Unknown | 10 | 36% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 8. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 20 February 2016.
All research outputs
#3,948,568
of 22,849,304 outputs
Outputs from Parasitology Research
#214
of 3,791 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#60,862
of 298,010 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Parasitology Research
#8
of 110 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,849,304 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 82nd percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,791 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 2.7. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 298,010 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 79% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 110 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 92% of its contemporaries.