Title |
Glutamate interactions with obesity, insulin resistance, cognition and gut microbiota composition
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Published in |
Acta Diabetologica, March 2019
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DOI | 10.1007/s00592-019-01313-w |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
María Encarnación Palomo-Buitrago, Mònica Sabater-Masdeu, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Estefanía Caballano-Infantes, María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez, Clàudia Coll, Lluís Ramió, Martina Palomino-Schätzlein, Patricia Gutiérrez-Carcedo, Vicente Pérez-Brocal, Rafael Simó, Andrés Moya, Wifredo Ricart, José Raúl Herance, José Manuel Fernández-Real |
Abstract |
To investigate the interactions among fecal and plasma glutamate levels, insulin resistance cognition and gut microbiota composition in obese and non-obese subjects. Gut microbiota composition (shotgun) and plasma and fecal glutamate, glutamine and acetate (NMR) were analyzed in a pilot study of obese and non-obese subjects (n = 35). Neuropsychological tests [Trail making test A (TMT-A) and Trail making test B (TMT-B)] scores measured cognitive information about processing speed, mental flexibility and executive function. Trail-making test score was significantly altered in obese compared with non-obese subjects. Fecal glutamate and glutamate/glutamine ratio tended to be lower among obese subjects while fecal glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with BMI and TMT-A scores. Plasma glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with TMT-B. The relative abundance (RA) of some bacterial families influenced glutamate levels, given the positive association of fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio with Corynebacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae and Burkholderiaceae RA. In contrast, Streptococaceae RA, that was significantly higher in obese subjects, negatively correlated with fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. To close the circle, Coriobacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio and Corynebacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio were associated both with TMT-A scores and fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. Gut microbiota composition is associated with processing speed and mental flexibility in part through changes in fecal and plasma glutamate metabolism. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Spain | 4 | 44% |
United States | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 4 | 44% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 7 | 78% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 11% |
Scientists | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 105 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 13% |
Student > Master | 11 | 10% |
Researcher | 11 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 8% |
Other | 6 | 6% |
Other | 19 | 18% |
Unknown | 36 | 34% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 12% |
Neuroscience | 9 | 9% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 8% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 5% |
Other | 24 | 23% |
Unknown | 40 | 38% |