Title |
Giant piezoelectricity of Sm-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 single crystals
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Published in |
Science, April 2019
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DOI | 10.1126/science.aaw2781 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Fei Li, Matthew J Cabral, Bin Xu, Zhenxiang Cheng, Elizabeth C Dickey, James M LeBeau, Jianli Wang, Jun Luo, Samuel Taylor, Wesley Hackenberger, Laurent Bellaiche, Zhuo Xu, Long-Qing Chen, Thomas R Shrout, Shujun Zhang |
Abstract |
High-performance piezoelectrics benefit transducers and sensors in a variety of electromechanical applications. The materials with the highest piezoelectric charge coefficients (d33) are relaxor-PbTiO3 crystals, which were discovered two decades ago. We successfully grew Sm-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (Sm-PMN-PT) single crystals with even higher d33 values ranging from 3400 to 4100 picocoulombs per newton, with variation below 20% over the as-grown crystal boule, exhibiting good property uniformity. We characterized the Sm-PMN-PT on the atomic scale with scanning transmission electron microscopy and made first-principles calculations to determine that the giant piezoelectric properties arise from the enhanced local structural heterogeneity introduced by Sm3+ dopants. Rare-earth doping is thus identified as a general strategy for introducing local structural heterogeneity in order to enhance the piezoelectricity of relaxor ferroelectric crystals. |
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