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Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Imbalanced production of IL-18 and its antagonist in human diseases, and its implications for HIV-1 infection
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Cytokine, February 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.01.006 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Suzanne Samarani, Ossama Allam, Patrick Sagala, Zainab Aldabah, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Vikram Mehraj, Cécile Tremblay, Jean-Pierre Routy, Devendra Amre, Ali Ahmad |
| Abstract |
IL-18 is a pleiotropic and multifunctional cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 family. It is produced as a biologically inactive precursor, which is cleaved into its active mature form mainly by caspase-1. The caspase becomes active from its inactive precursor (procaspase-1) upon assembly of an inflammasome. Because of IL-18's potential pro-inflammatory and tissue destructive effects, its biological activities are tightly controlled in the body by its naturally occurring antagonist called IL-18BP. The antagonist is produced in the body both constitutively and in response to an increased production of IL-18 as a negative feedback mechanism. Under physiological conditions, most of IL-18 in the circulation is bound with IL-18BP and is inactive. However, an imbalance in the production of IL-18 and its antagonist (an increase in the production of IL-18 with a decrease, no increase or an insufficient increase in the production of IL-18BP) has been described in many chronic inflammatory diseases in humans. The imbalance results in an increase in the concentrations of free IL-18 (unbound with its antagonist) resulting in increased biological activities of the cytokine that contribute towards pathogenesis of the disease. In this article, we provide an overview of the current biology of IL-18 and its antagonist, discuss how the imbalance occurs in HIV infections and how it contributes towards development of AIDS and other non-AIDS-associated clinical conditions occurring in HIV-infected individuals undergoing combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART). Finally, we discuss challenges facing immunotherapeutic strategies aimed at restoring balance between IL-18 and its antagonist in these patients. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 41 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 41 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 20% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 12% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 10% |
| Researcher | 4 | 10% |
| Other | 7 | 17% |
| Unknown | 6 | 15% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 32% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 7 | 17% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 12% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 7% |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 5 | 12% |
| Unknown | 7 | 17% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 January 2024.
All research outputs
#8,262,107
of 25,374,647 outputs
Outputs from Cytokine
#616
of 2,712 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#107,123
of 311,617 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Cytokine
#6
of 38 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,374,647 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 66th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,712 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.4. This one has done well, scoring higher than 75% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 311,617 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 64% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 38 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 81% of its contemporaries.