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Toxicity of glycerol for the stallion spermatozoa: Effects on membrane integrity and cytoskeleton, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential

Overview of attention for article published in Theriogenology, February 2012
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Title
Toxicity of glycerol for the stallion spermatozoa: Effects on membrane integrity and cytoskeleton, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential
Published in
Theriogenology, February 2012
DOI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.033
Pubmed ID
Authors

B. Macías García, C. Ortega Ferrusola, I.M. Aparicio, A. Miró-Morán, A. Morillo Rodriguez, J.M. Gallardo Bolaños, L. González Fernández, C.M. Balao da Silva, H. Rodríguez Martínez, J.A. Tapia, F.J. Peña

Abstract

Glycerol is, to date, the most widely used cryoprotectant to freeze stallion spermatozoa at concentrations between 2% and 5%. Cryoprotectant toxicity has been claimed to be the single most limiting factor for the success of cryopreservation. In order to evaluate the toxic effects of the concentrations of glycerol used in practice, stallion spermatozoa were incubated in Biggers Whitten and Whittingham (BWW) media supplemented with 0%, 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5%, and 5% glycerol. In two additional experiments, a hyposmotic (75 mOsm/kg) and a hyperosmotic (900 mOsm/kg) control media were included. Sperm parameters evaluated included cell volume, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation, caspase 3, 7, and 8 activation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and integrity of the cytoskeleton. Glycerol exerted toxicity at concentrations ≥ 3.5% and the maximal toxicity was observed at 5%. The actin cytoskeleton was especially sensitive to glycerol presence, inducing rapid F actin depolymerization at concentrations over 1.5%. The sperm membrane and the mitochondria were other structures affected. The toxicity of glycerol is apparently related to osmotic and nonosmotic effects. In view of our results the concentration of glycerol in the freezing media for stallion spermatozoa should not surpass 2.5%.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 105 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Brazil 2 2%
Unknown 103 98%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 16 15%
Researcher 15 14%
Student > Master 14 13%
Student > Doctoral Student 10 10%
Student > Bachelor 9 9%
Other 19 18%
Unknown 22 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 28 27%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 25 24%
Medicine and Dentistry 7 7%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 5 5%
Chemistry 4 4%
Other 7 7%
Unknown 29 28%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 12 February 2012.
All research outputs
#20,656,820
of 25,374,917 outputs
Outputs from Theriogenology
#2,134
of 3,238 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#206,046
of 255,036 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Theriogenology
#9
of 23 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,374,917 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 10th percentile – i.e., 10% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,238 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.4. This one is in the 23rd percentile – i.e., 23% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 255,036 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 8th percentile – i.e., 8% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 23 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 30th percentile – i.e., 30% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.