An antibody to phenoxybenzoic acid (PBA), the conserved chemical region of pyrethroids, was developed using a DAB library to enable pyrethroid detection in agricultural products. The domain antibody (DAB) library, constructed without animal immunization and based on a human VH framework, displayed repertoires on filamentous bacteriophage. After four rounds of panning, we obtained five domain antibodies which are capable of binding to PBA. Antibody A3 has strong identification capability to cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and fenvalerate. The antibody A3 was used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IC50 was 2.586μg/ml, 1.814μg/ml and 2.251μg/ml for cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin and fenvalerate, respectively. The assay shows weak competition with flucythrinate but no competition with fenpropathrin, deltamethrin and permethrin. The developed ELISA process was successfully applied to fortified Chinese cabbage samples, and the recoveries of cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, and fenvalerate ranging from 84.4% to 112.3%. We developed an immunoassay to detect pyrethroids depending on the domain antibody library, which overcomes the limitation of requiring protein antigen to immunize animals raising antibody.