| Title |
Individual and combined toxic effects of herbicide atrazine and three insecticides on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Ecotoxicology, April 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10646-016-1656-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Yanhua Wang, Xuehua An, Weifeng Shen, Liezhong Chen, Jinhua Jiang, Qiang Wang, Leiming Cai |
| Abstract |
In the present study, we evaluated the individual and combined toxic effects of herbicide atrazine and three insecticides (chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid) on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida. Results from 48-h filter paper test indicated that imidacloprid had the highest toxicity to E. fetida with an LC50 of 0.05 (0.041-0.058) μg a.i. cm(-2), followed by lambda-cyhalothrin and atrazine with LC50 values ranging from 4.89 (3.52-6.38) to 4.93 (3.76-6.35) μg a.i. cm(-2), while chlorpyrifos had the least toxicity to the worms with an LC50 of 31.18 (16.22-52.85) μg a.i. cm(-2). Results from 14-days soil toxicity test showed a different pattern of toxicity except that imidacloprid was the most toxic even under the soil toxicity bioassay system. The acute toxicity of atrazine was significantly higher than that of chlorpyrifos. In contrast, lambda-cyhalothrin was the least toxic to the animals under the soil toxicity bioassay system. The binary mixture of atrazine-lambda-cyhalothrin and ternary mixture of atrazine-chlorpyrifos-lambda-cyhalothrin displayed a significant synergistic effect on the earthworms under the soil toxicity bioassay. Our findings would help regulatory authorities understand the complexity of effects from pesticide mixtures on non-target organisms and provide useful information of the interaction of various pesticide classes detected in natural environment. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 75 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 74 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 11 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 11 | 15% |
| Student > Master | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 12% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 5 | 7% |
| Other | 7 | 9% |
| Unknown | 23 | 31% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 12 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 16% |
| Chemistry | 5 | 7% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 5% |
| Engineering | 3 | 4% |
| Other | 8 | 11% |
| Unknown | 31 | 41% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 April 2016.
All research outputs
#17,773,161
of 22,860,626 outputs
Outputs from Ecotoxicology
#728
of 1,477 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#206,087
of 300,920 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Ecotoxicology
#17
of 45 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 1,477 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.5. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 50% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 45 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its contemporaries.