Title |
Inflammation in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva and Other Forms of Heterotopic Ossification
|
---|---|
Published in |
Current Osteoporosis Reports, November 2019
|
DOI | 10.1007/s11914-019-00541-x |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Koji Matsuo, Robert Dalton Chavez, Emilie Barruet, Edward C. Hsiao |
Abstract |
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is associated with inflammation. The goal of this review is to examine recent findings on the roles of inflammation and the immune system in HO. We examine how inflammation changes in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, in traumatic HO, and in other clinical conditions of HO. We also discuss how inflammation may be a target for treating HO. Both genetic and acquired forms of HO show similarities in their inflammatory cell types and signaling pathways. These include macrophages, mast cells, and adaptive immune cells, along with hypoxia signaling pathways, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation signaling pathways, vascular signaling pathways, and inflammatory cytokines. Because there are common inflammatory mediators across various types of HO, these mediators may serve as common targets for blocking HO. Future research may focus on identifying new inflammatory targets and testing combinatorial therapies based on these results. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Netherlands | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 3 | 75% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 50% |
Scientists | 1 | 25% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 46 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 5 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 5 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 9% |
Unspecified | 3 | 7% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 7% |
Other | 5 | 11% |
Unknown | 21 | 46% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 20% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 9% |
Unspecified | 3 | 7% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 2% |
Other | 4 | 9% |
Unknown | 23 | 50% |