| Title |
Changes in selected aspects of immune function in the leopard frog, Rana pipiens, associated with exposure to cold
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Comparative Physiology B, May 1997
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s003600050072 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Gregory D. Maniero, Cynthia Carey |
| Abstract |
The effect of exposure to low temperatures (5 degrees C) on lymphocyte proliferation, leukocyte populations, and serum complement levels was examined in the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens. Proliferation of T lymphocytes in response to phytohemagglutinin stimulation was significantly decreased in frogs kept for 2, 3, and 5 months at 5 degrees C compared to that of animals kept at 22 degrees C. A significant increase in the average percentage of neutrophils and a decrease in the mean percentage of eosinophils was observed in the blood of frogs held for 5 months in the cold compared to animals held at 22 degrees C for the same length of time. Mean serum complement activity after 1 month at 5 degrees C was significantly reduced in comparison to animals held at 22 degrees C and was not detectable after 5 months in the cold. Recovery of complement levels at room temperature (22 degrees C) was also examined after cold exposure. Complement levels were significantly higher than controls (at 22 degrees C) in frogs returned to 22 degrees C for 7 and 14 days after 5 months in the cold. After frogs were held at 5 degrees C for 1 month, serum complement levels increased significantly within 2 days after returning to 22 degrees C and continued to rise 5 and 9 days after warming. Injections with Aeromonas hydrophila following a 5-week exposure to 5 degrees C failed to cause death or observable symptoms of disease in frogs that were returned to 22 degrees C. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 96 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 3% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| Argentina | 1 | 1% |
| Canada | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 89 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 21 | 22% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 13 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 10% |
| Other | 7 | 7% |
| Other | 19 | 20% |
| Unknown | 9 | 9% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 62 | 65% |
| Environmental Science | 10 | 10% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 6 | 6% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 2% |
| Mathematics | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 3 | 3% |
| Unknown | 12 | 13% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 January 2011.
All research outputs
#8,534,976
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Comparative Physiology B
#237
of 814 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#9,549
of 29,382 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Comparative Physiology B
#2
of 3 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 43rd percentile – i.e., 43% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 814 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.7. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 50% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 29,382 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 8th percentile – i.e., 8% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 3 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one.