| Title |
The Effects of Motorway Runoff on Freshwater Ecosystems: 3. Toxicant Confirmation
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, July 1997
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s002449900216 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
A. B. A. Boxall, L. Maltby |
| Abstract |
Previous studies have demonstrated that small streams receiving road runoff have reduced water and sediment quality. These changes in quality are associated with alterations in the structure and functioning of stream communities. Laboratory studies have indicated that the community changes are due to sediment-associated contaminants, and toxicant identification evaluations have shown that the major toxicants are contained probably in a fraction of sediment extract that contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The aim of the present study was to determine whether PAHs were indeed the major toxicants in sediment extracts. Toxicity tests were performed with PAH mixtures, the toxic fraction of an extract of runoff-contaminated sediment, and a whole sediment extract. These indicated that three PAHs accounted for the toxicity of a sediment extract: pyrene, fluoranthene, and phenanthrene. The possibility of spatial or temporal variation in major toxicants was also investigated and tests on a number of sediment extracts obtained from a number of sites at different times demonstrated that the three PAHs accounted for 30.8 to 120% of an extract's toxicity. When the PAHs were considered individually, pyrene was shown to account for most of the toxicity (44.9%), followed by fluoranthene (16%) and phenanthrene (3.5%). |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 25% |
| Unknown | 3 | 75% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 3 | 75% |
| Scientists | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 59 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Czechia | 1 | 2% |
| Germany | 1 | 2% |
| South Africa | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 56 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 10 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 17% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 10 | 17% |
| Unknown | 11 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 17 | 29% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 20% |
| Chemistry | 6 | 10% |
| Engineering | 5 | 8% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 2 | 3% |
| Unknown | 14 | 24% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 7. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 22 November 2022.
All research outputs
#4,913,168
of 23,806,312 outputs
Outputs from Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
#244
of 2,093 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#4,290
of 30,168 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
#2
of 12 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,806,312 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 79th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,093 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.6. This one has done well, scoring higher than 88% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 30,168 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 12 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its contemporaries.