| Title |
Tocilizumab in Autoimmune Encephalitis Refractory to Rituximab: An Institutional Cohort Study
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Neurotherapeutics, October 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s13311-016-0442-6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Woo-Jin Lee, Soon-Tae Lee, Jangsup Moon, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Ick Byun, Jung-Ah Lim, Tae-Joon Kim, Yong-Won Shin, Keon-Joo Lee, Jin-Sun Jun, Han Sang Lee, Soyun Kim, Kyung-Il Park, Keun-Hwa Jung, Ki-Young Jung, Manho Kim, Sang Kun Lee, Kon Chu |
| Abstract |
A considerable portion of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) does not respond to conventional immunotherapies and subsequently has poor outcomes. We aimed to determine the efficacy of tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 antibody, in rituximab-refractory AE compared with other treatment options. From an institutional cohort of AE, 91 patients with inadequate clinical response to first-line immunotherapy and following rituximab were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were grouped according to their further immunotherapy strategies. Thirty (33.0 %) patients were included in the tocilizumab group, 31 (34.0 %) in the additional rituximab group, and 30 (33.0 %) in the observation group. Outcomes were defined as the favorable modified Rankin Scale scores (≤2) at 1 and 2 months from the initiation of each treatment strategy and at the last follow-up. Favorable clinical response (improvement of the modified Rankin Scale scores by ≥ 2 points or achievement of the mRS scores ≤ 2) at the last follow-up was also analyzed. The tocilizumab group showed more frequent favorable mRS scores at 2 months from treatment initiation and at the last follow-up compared with those at the relevant time points of the remaining groups. The majority (89.5 %) of the patients with clinical improvement at 1 month from tocilizumab treatment maintained a long-term favorable clinical response. No serious adverse effects of rituximab or tocilizumab were reported. Therefore, we suggest that tocilizumab might be a good treatment strategy for treating AE refractory to conventional immunotherapies and rituximab. The tocilizumab-mediated clinical improvement manifests as early at 1 month after treatment initiation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 6 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 1 | 17% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 17% |
| Unknown | 4 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 67% |
| Scientists | 1 | 17% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 17% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 167 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 167 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Other | 23 | 14% |
| Researcher | 18 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 16 | 10% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 15 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 9% |
| Other | 31 | 19% |
| Unknown | 49 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 57 | 34% |
| Neuroscience | 27 | 16% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 2% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 2% |
| Psychology | 3 | 2% |
| Other | 10 | 6% |
| Unknown | 62 | 37% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 18. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 27 July 2023.
All research outputs
#2,021,757
of 25,750,437 outputs
Outputs from Neurotherapeutics
#175
of 1,319 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#34,510
of 333,766 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Neurotherapeutics
#2
of 15 outputs
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We're also able to compare this research output to 15 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 86% of its contemporaries.