| Title |
Enteric methane mitigation technologies for ruminant livestock: a synthesis of current research and future directions
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, May 2011
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10661-011-2090-y |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Amlan Kumar Patra |
| Abstract |
Enteric methane (CH(4)) emission in ruminants, which is produced via fermentation of feeds in the rumen and lower digestive tract by methanogenic archaea, represents a loss of 2% to 12% of gross energy of feeds and contributes to global greenhouse effects. Globally, about 80 million tonnes of CH(4) is produced annually from enteric fermentation mainly from ruminants. Therefore, CH(4) mitigation strategies in ruminants have focused to obtain economic as well as environmental benefits. Some mitigation options such as chemical inhibitors, defaunation, and ionophores inhibit methanogenesis directly or indirectly in the rumen, but they have not confirmed consistent effects for practical use. A variety of nutritional amendments such as increasing the amount of grains, inclusion of some leguminous forages containing condensed tannins and ionophore compounds in diets, supplementation of low-quality roughages with protein and readily fermentable carbohydrates, and addition of fats show promise for CH(4) mitigation. These nutritional amendments also increase the efficiency of feed utilization and, therefore, are most likely to be adopted by farmers. Several new potential technologies such as use of plant secondary metabolites, probiotics and propionate enhancers, stimulation of acetogens, immunization, CH(4) oxidation by methylotrophs, and genetic selection of low CH(4)-producing animals have emerged to decrease CH(4) production, but these require extensive research before they can be recommended to livestock producers. The use of bacteriocins, bacteriophages, and development of recombinant vaccines targeting archaeal-specific genes and cell surface proteins may be areas worthy of investigation for CH(4) mitigation as well. A combination of different CH(4) mitigation strategies should be adopted in farm levels to substantially decrease methane emission from ruminants. Evidently, comprehensive research is needed to explore proven and reliable CH(4) mitigation technologies that would be practically feasible and economically viable while improving ruminant production. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 339 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 4 | 1% |
| Brazil | 2 | <1% |
| United States | 2 | <1% |
| Finland | 1 | <1% |
| Czechia | 1 | <1% |
| New Zealand | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Mexico | 1 | <1% |
| Sri Lanka | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 2 | <1% |
| Unknown | 323 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 76 | 22% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 40 | 12% |
| Researcher | 36 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 31 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 19 | 6% |
| Other | 66 | 19% |
| Unknown | 71 | 21% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 140 | 41% |
| Environmental Science | 29 | 9% |
| Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 23 | 7% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 4% |
| Engineering | 10 | 3% |
| Other | 38 | 11% |
| Unknown | 86 | 25% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 6. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 June 2022.
All research outputs
#5,017,235
of 23,854,458 outputs
Outputs from Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
#281
of 2,748 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#24,859
of 112,613 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
#3
of 25 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,854,458 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 75th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,748 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.8. This one has done well, scoring higher than 87% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 112,613 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 72% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 25 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 88% of its contemporaries.