Title |
The Origin and Evolution of Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
|
---|---|
Published in |
Cell, July 2012
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.cell.2012.06.023 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
John S. Welch, Timothy J. Ley, Daniel C. Link, Christopher A. Miller, David E. Larson, Daniel C. Koboldt, Lukas D. Wartman, Tamara L. Lamprecht, Fulu Liu, Jun Xia, Cyriac Kandoth, Robert S. Fulton, Michael D. McLellan, David J. Dooling, John W. Wallis, Ken Chen, Christopher C. Harris, Heather K. Schmidt, Joelle M. Kalicki-Veizer, Charles Lu, Qunyuan Zhang, Ling Lin, Michelle D. O’Laughlin, Joshua F. McMichael, Kim D. Delehaunty, Lucinda A. Fulton, Vincent J. Magrini, Sean D. McGrath, Ryan T. Demeter, Tammi L. Vickery, Jasreet Hundal, Lisa L. Cook, Gary W. Swift, Jerry P. Reed, Patricia A. Alldredge, Todd N. Wylie, Jason R. Walker, Mark A. Watson, Sharon E. Heath, William D. Shannon, Nobish Varghese, Rakesh Nagarajan, Jacqueline E. Payton, Jack D. Baty, Shashikant Kulkarni, Jeffery M. Klco, Michael H. Tomasson, Peter Westervelt, Matthew J. Walter, Timothy A. Graubert, John F. DiPersio, Li Ding, Elaine R. Mardis, Richard K. Wilson |
Abstract |
Most mutations in cancer genomes are thought to be acquired after the initiating event, which may cause genomic instability and drive clonal evolution. However, for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), normal karyotypes are common, and genomic instability is unusual. To better understand clonal evolution in AML, we sequenced the genomes of M3-AML samples with a known initiating event (PML-RARA) versus the genomes of normal karyotype M1-AML samples and the exomes of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from healthy people. Collectively, the data suggest that most of the mutations found in AML genomes are actually random events that occurred in HSPCs before they acquired the initiating mutation; the mutational history of that cell is "captured" as the clone expands. In many cases, only one or two additional, cooperating mutations are needed to generate the malignant founding clone. Cells from the founding clone can acquire additional cooperating mutations, yielding subclones that can contribute to disease progression and/or relapse. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 14 | 61% |
Mexico | 2 | 9% |
Japan | 2 | 9% |
Germany | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 4 | 17% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 18 | 78% |
Scientists | 3 | 13% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 30 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 7 | <1% |
Austria | 5 | <1% |
Australia | 5 | <1% |
Netherlands | 4 | <1% |
Japan | 4 | <1% |
Germany | 3 | <1% |
Spain | 3 | <1% |
Switzerland | 3 | <1% |
Other | 21 | 1% |
Unknown | 1580 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 364 | 22% |
Researcher | 346 | 21% |
Student > Master | 176 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 159 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 98 | 6% |
Other | 259 | 16% |
Unknown | 263 | 16% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 453 | 27% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 399 | 24% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 325 | 20% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 32 | 2% |
Computer Science | 28 | 2% |
Other | 126 | 8% |
Unknown | 302 | 18% |