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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Graphene quantum dots as autophagy-inducing photodynamic agents
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Materials, July 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.060 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Zoran M. Markovic, Biljana Z. Ristic, Katarina M. Arsikin, Djordje G. Klisic, Ljubica M. Harhaji-Trajkovic, Biljana M. Todorovic-Markovic, Dejan P. Kepic, Tamara K. Kravic-Stevovic, Svetlana P. Jovanovic, Marina M. Milenkovic, Dusan D. Milivojevic, Vladimir Z. Bumbasirevic, Miroslav D. Dramicanin, Vladimir S. Trajkovic |
| Abstract |
The excellent photoluminescent properties of graphene quantum dots (GQD) makes them suitable candidates for biomedical applications, but their cytotoxicity has not been extensively studied. Here we show that electrochemically produced GQD irradiated with blue light (470 nm, 1W) generate reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen, and kill U251 human glioma cells by causing oxidative stress. The cell death induced by photoexcited GQD displayed morphological and/or biochemical characteristics of both apoptosis (phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation) and autophagy (formation of autophagic vesicles, LC3-I/LC3-II conversion, degradation of autophagic target p62). Moreover, a genetic inactivation of autophagy-essential LC3B protein partly abrogated the photodynamic cytotoxicity of GQD. These data indicate potential usefulness of GQD in photodynamic therapy, but also raise concerns about their possible toxicity. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 274 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | <1% |
| Serbia | 2 | <1% |
| China | 2 | <1% |
| India | 1 | <1% |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Malaysia | 1 | <1% |
| Poland | 1 | <1% |
| Belgium | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 262 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 69 | 25% |
| Researcher | 51 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 39 | 14% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 14 | 5% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 12 | 4% |
| Other | 47 | 17% |
| Unknown | 42 | 15% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 46 | 17% |
| Materials Science | 32 | 12% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 26 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 25 | 9% |
| Physics and Astronomy | 22 | 8% |
| Other | 62 | 23% |
| Unknown | 61 | 22% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 August 2016.
All research outputs
#7,959,659
of 25,371,288 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Materials
#4,447
of 10,751 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#55,077
of 178,639 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Materials
#68
of 154 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,371,288 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 67th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 10,751 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.8. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 57% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 178,639 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 67% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 154 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 53% of its contemporaries.