Title |
Conversion of Wastes into Bioelectricity and Chemicals by Using Microbial Electrochemical Technologies
|
---|---|
Published in |
Science, August 2012
|
DOI | 10.1126/science.1217412 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Bruce E. Logan, Korneel Rabaey |
Abstract |
Waste biomass is a cheap and relatively abundant source of electrons for microbes capable of producing electrical current outside the cell. Rapidly developing microbial electrochemical technologies, such as microbial fuel cells, are part of a diverse platform of future sustainable energy and chemical production technologies. We review the key advances that will enable the use of exoelectrogenic microorganisms to generate biofuels, hydrogen gas, methane, and other valuable inorganic and organic chemicals. Moreover, we examine the key challenges for implementing these systems and compare them to similar renewable energy technologies. Although commercial development is already underway in several different applications, ranging from wastewater treatment to industrial chemical production, further research is needed regarding efficiency, scalability, system lifetimes, and reliability. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 8 | 18% |
United Kingdom | 5 | 11% |
South Africa | 2 | 5% |
India | 2 | 5% |
Netherlands | 1 | 2% |
Switzerland | 1 | 2% |
Mexico | 1 | 2% |
Sweden | 1 | 2% |
Greece | 1 | 2% |
Other | 3 | 7% |
Unknown | 19 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 33 | 75% |
Scientists | 7 | 16% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 3 | 7% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 11 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 7 | <1% |
India | 5 | <1% |
France | 4 | <1% |
Germany | 3 | <1% |
Italy | 3 | <1% |
Switzerland | 2 | <1% |
Poland | 2 | <1% |
Spain | 2 | <1% |
Other | 20 | 2% |
Unknown | 1146 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 290 | 24% |
Researcher | 188 | 16% |
Student > Master | 145 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 115 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 49 | 4% |
Other | 186 | 15% |
Unknown | 232 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Engineering | 194 | 16% |
Environmental Science | 158 | 13% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 157 | 13% |
Chemistry | 100 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 92 | 8% |
Other | 187 | 16% |
Unknown | 317 | 26% |