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Koi Herpesvirus Encodes and Expresses a Functional Interleukin-10

Overview of attention for article published in Journal of Virology, August 2012
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Title
Koi Herpesvirus Encodes and Expresses a Functional Interleukin-10
Published in
Journal of Virology, August 2012
DOI 10.1128/jvi.00957-12
Pubmed ID
Authors

Agus Sunarto, Clifford Liongue, Kenneth A. McColl, Mathew M. Adams, Dieter Bulach, Mark St. J. Crane, Karel A. Schat, Barry Slobedman, Andrew C. Barnes, Alister C. Ward, Peter J. Walker

Abstract

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) (species Cyprinid herpesvirus 3) ORF134 was shown to transcribe a spliced transcript encoding a 179-amino-acid (aa) interleukin-10 (IL-10) homolog (khvIL-10) in koi fin (KF-1) cells. Pairwise sequence alignment indicated that the expressed product shares 25% identity with carp IL-10, 22 to 24% identity with mammalian (including primate) IL-10s, and 19.1% identity with European eel herpesvirus IL-10 (ahvIL-10). In phylogenetic analyses, khvIL-10 fell in a divergent position from all host IL-10 sequences, indicating extensive structural divergence following capture from the host. In KHV-infected fish, khvIL-10 transcripts were observed to be highly expressed during the acute and reactivation phases but to be expressed at very low levels during low-temperature-induced persistence. Similarly, KHV early (helicase [Hel] and DNA polymerase [DNAP]) and late (intercapsomeric triplex protein [ITP] and major capsid protein [MCP]) genes were also expressed at high levels during the acute and reactivation phases, but only low-level expression of the ITP gene was detected during the persistent phase. Injection of khvIL-10 mRNA into zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos increased the number of lysozyme-positive cells to a similar degree as zebrafish IL-10. Downregulation of the IL-10 receptor long chain (IL-10R1) using a specific morpholino abrogated the response to both khvIL-10 and zebrafish IL-10 transcripts, indicating that, despite the structural divergence, khvIL-10 functions via this receptor. This is the first report describing the characteristics of a functional viral IL-10 gene in the Alloherpesviridae.

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Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 40 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 8 20%
Student > Ph. D. Student 6 15%
Student > Bachelor 3 8%
Professor > Associate Professor 3 8%
Other 2 5%
Other 4 10%
Unknown 14 35%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 15 38%
Immunology and Microbiology 4 10%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 1 3%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 1 3%
Nursing and Health Professions 1 3%
Other 3 8%
Unknown 15 38%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 August 2012.
All research outputs
#17,285,036
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Virology
#22,053
of 25,691 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#123,973
of 186,051 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Virology
#161
of 230 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 21st percentile – i.e., 21% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 25,691 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.5. This one is in the 9th percentile – i.e., 9% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 230 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.