| Title |
Effects of Epstein-Barr virus infection on the development of multiple myeloma after liver transplantation
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Science China Life Sciences, August 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11427-012-4362-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
YeWei Zhang, HeWei Zhao, Xia He, SuWen Zheng, TaiHong Wang, DongLiang Yan, JingFeng Sun, Xiang Lu, JianFei Wen, Wan Yee Lau |
| Abstract |
Reduced cellular immune function in patients after liver transplantation easily results in many types of viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus. Epstein-Barr virus is a Γ-herpesvirus and is related to many malignant diseases, especially epithelial and lymph tumors. The abnormal interaction of cluster of differentiation 40 with cluster of differentiation 40 ligand and expression of cluster of differentiation 40 ligand are considered closely related to the development of myeloma cells. This study explored the influence and mechanism of Epstein-Barr virus infection on the phenotype and biological behavior of myeloma cells after liver transplantation. Flow cytometry was used to detect coexpression of cluster of differentiation 40 and cluster of differentiation 40 ligand in 10 samples of freshly isolated multiple myeloma cells. Cluster of differentiation 40 and cluster of differentiation 40 ligand were coexpressed in sample Nos. 5, 8, 9, and 10, particularly in sample No. 5. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of the Epstein-Barr virus antigens latent membrane protein 1 and Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 in the multiple myeloma cell line RPMI 8226 infected with Epstein-Barr virus. The antigen expression indicated that Epstein-Barr virus can infect multiple myeloma virus cells in vitro. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed upregulated expression of cluster of differentiation 40 ligand on the infected RPMI 8226 cells, which may be involved in the anti-apoptosis activity of the infected cells. Confocal microscopy showed that pairs of molecules of cluster of differentiation 40, cluster of differentiation 40 ligand, and latent membrane protein 1 were colocalized on the surface of the infected cells. CXC chemokine receptor 4 was upregulated on the RPMI 8226 cells after Epstein-Barr virus infection. The migratory ability of the infected cells improved in the presence of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α. Anti-apoptosis and migration are known important biological characteristics of malignant cells. Our results indicate the involvement of Epstein-Barr virus in the origin and development of multiple myeloma. The risk of multiple myeloma increases when Epstein-Barr virus infects B cells in the germinal center, which may result in an anti-apoptosis effect of B cells and an improved ability to migrate from the germinal center to peripheral blood. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 10 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 10 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 2 | 20% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 1 | 10% |
| Other | 1 | 10% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 1 | 10% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 1 | 10% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 4 | 40% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 60% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 10% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 10% |
| Unknown | 2 | 20% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 31 August 2012.
All research outputs
#15,201,283
of 23,577,654 outputs
Outputs from Science China Life Sciences
#456
of 1,041 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#104,874
of 170,936 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Science China Life Sciences
#7
of 7 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,577,654 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 34th percentile – i.e., 34% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
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