Title |
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in migratory birds, 2014–2015
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Published in |
Virologica Sinica, July 2016
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DOI | 10.1007/s12250-016-3750-4 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Yuhai Bi, Jianjun Chen, Zhenjie Zhang, Mingxin Li, Tianlong Cai, Kirill Sharshov, Ivan Susloparov, Alexander Shestopalov, Gary Wong, Yubang He, Zhi Xing, Jianqing Sun, Di Liu, Yingxia Liu, Lei Liu, Wenjun Liu, Fumin Lei, Weifeng Shi, George F. Gao |
Abstract |
A novel Clade 2.3.2.1c H5N1 reassortant virus caused several outbreaks in wild birds in some regions of China from late 2014 to 2015. Based on the genetic and phylogenetic analyses, the viruses possess a stable gene constellation with a Clade 2.3.2.1c HA, a H9N2-derived PB2 gene and the other six genes of Asian H5N1-origin. The Clade 2.3.2.1c H5N1 reassortants displayed a high genetic relationship to a human H5N1 strain (A/Alberta/01/2014). Further analysis showed that similar viruses have been circulating in wild birds in China, Russia, Dubai (Western Asia), Bulgaria and Romania (Europe), as well as domestic poultry in some regions of Africa. The affected areas include the Central Asian, East Asian-Australasian, West Asian-East African, and Black Sea/Mediterranean flyways. These results show that the novel Clade 2.3.2.1c reassortant viruses are circulating worldwide and may have gained a selective advantage in migratory birds, thus posing a serious threat to wild birds and potentially humans. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 20% |
Germany | 1 | 20% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 2 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 32 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 8 | 25% |
Student > Master | 4 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 9% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 6% |
Other | 3 | 9% |
Unknown | 9 | 28% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 13% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 9% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 3 | 9% |
Social Sciences | 3 | 9% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 6% |
Other | 5 | 16% |
Unknown | 12 | 38% |