| Title |
Pharmacokinetic Optimization of Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnancy
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Pharmacokinetics, August 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s40262-012-0002-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Kajal Buckoreelall, Tim R. Cressey, Jennifer R. King |
| Abstract |
Antiretroviral therapy suppresses replication of HIV allowing restoration and/or preservation of the immune system. Providing combination antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy can treat maternal HIV infection and/or reduce perinatal HIV transmission. However, providing treatment to pregnant women is challenging due to physiological changes that can alter antiretroviral pharmacokinetics. Suboptimal drug exposure can result in HIV RNA rebound, the selection of resistant virus or an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission to the infant. Increased drug exposure can produce unwarranted maternal adverse effects and/or fetal toxicity. Subsequently, dose adjustments may be necessary during pregnancy to achieve comparable antiretroviral exposure to non-pregnant adults. For several antiretrovirals, systemic exposure is decreased during the last trimester of pregnancy. By 6-12 weeks postpartum, concentrations return to those prior to pregnancy. Also, the extent of antiretroviral placental transfer to the fetus and degree of antiretroviral excretion into breast milk varies within, and between, antiretroviral drug classes. It is necessary to consider the pharmacological characteristics of each antiretroviral when optimizing combination therapy during pregnancy to treat maternal HIV infection and prevent perinatal HIV transmission. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 64 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 64 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 12 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 9 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 8% |
| Other | 13 | 20% |
| Unknown | 11 | 17% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 24 | 38% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 6 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 9% |
| Psychology | 3 | 5% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 8 | 13% |
| Unknown | 14 | 22% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 September 2012.
All research outputs
#18,316,001
of 22,679,690 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#1,306
of 1,481 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#128,525
of 167,364 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#7
of 7 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,679,690 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,481 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.6. This one is in the 5th percentile – i.e., 5% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 167,364 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 10th percentile – i.e., 10% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 7 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one.