| Title |
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 expression in brain metastases of small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Neuro-Oncology, July 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11060-016-2216-8 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Anna Sophie Berghoff, Gerda Ricken, Dorothee Wilhelm, Orsolya Rajky, Georg Widhalm, Karin Dieckmann, Peter Birner, Rupert Bartsch, Matthias Preusser |
| Abstract |
Brain metastases (BM) are frequent in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Novel insights into their pathobiology are needed for development of better therapies. We investigated tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subsets (CD3+, CD8+, CD45RO+, FOXP3+ and PD-1+) and expression of PD-L1 in a series of 32 SCLC BM specimens and four matched primary tumor specimens using immunohistochemistry. 30/32 (93.8 %) BM specimens showed TIL infiltration. CD3+ TILs were observed in 30/32 (93.8 %) BM specimens, CD8+ TILs in 25/32 (78.1 %), CD45RO+ TILs in 15/32 (46.9 %), FOXP3+ TILs in 15/32 (46.9 %) and PD-1+ TILs in 1/32 (3.1 %) BM specimens. Patients with infiltration of CD45RO+ TILS had a significantly longer median survival time (11 months; 95 % CI 0.000-26.148) as compared to patients without the presence of CD45RO+ TILs (5 months; 95 % CI 0.966-9.034; p = 0.007; log rank test). Membranous PD-L1 on tumor cells was observed in 24/32 (75.0 %) BM specimens, with 11/32 (34.4 %) cases showing PD-L1 expression in over 5 % of viable BM tumor cells. PD-L1 expression on TILs was seen in 8/32 (25.0 %) and on tumor infiltrating macrophages in 9/32 (28.1 %) cases. Patients with PD-L1 expression on TILs presented with improved survival prognosis (6 versus 29 months; p = 0.002; log rank test). Among matched primary tumors, all (4/4; 100 %) specimens showed TIL infiltration, while PD-L1 expression found in only 1/4 (25.0 %) specimen. TIL infiltration and PD-L1 expression are commonly found in SCLC BM and presence of CD45RO+ memory T-cells and PD-L1+ TILs in SCLC BM seem to associate with favorable survival times. Our data suggest an active immune microenvironment in SCLC BM that may be targetable by immune-modulating drugs. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Portugal | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 84 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 84 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 13 | 15% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 14% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 8% |
| Other | 6 | 7% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 6 | 7% |
| Other | 17 | 20% |
| Unknown | 23 | 27% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 32 | 38% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 10% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 5% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 2% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 6 | 7% |
| Unknown | 31 | 37% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 10 June 2020.
All research outputs
#6,441,872
of 22,881,154 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Neuro-Oncology
#811
of 2,977 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#110,035
of 363,105 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Neuro-Oncology
#9
of 61 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,881,154 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 70th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,977 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.2. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 71% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 363,105 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 68% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 61 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.