Title |
Fabrication of nano-mosquitocides using chitosan from crab shells: Impact on non-target organisms in the aquatic environment
|
---|---|
Published in |
Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, June 2016
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.021 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kadarkarai Murugan, Jaganathan Anitha, Devakumar Dinesh, Udaiyan Suresh, Rajapandian Rajaganesh, Balamurugan Chandramohan, Jayapal Subramaniam, Manickam Paulpandi, Chitravel Vadivalagan, Pandiyan Amuthavalli, Lan Wang, Jiang-Shiou Hwang, Hui Wei, Mohamad Saleh Alsalhi, Sandhanasamy Devanesan, Suresh Kumar, Kannaiyan Pugazhendy, Akon Higuchi, Marcello Nicoletti, Giovanni Benelli |
Abstract |
Mosquitoes are arthropods of huge medical and veterinary relevance, since they vector pathogens and parasites of public health importance, including malaria, dengue and Zika virus. Currently, nanotechnology is considered a potential eco-friendly approach in mosquito control research. We proposed a novel method of biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using chitosan (Ch) from crab shells. Ch-AgNP nanocomposite was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, EDX and XRD. Ch-AgNP were tested against larvae and pupae of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi obtaining LC50 ranging from 3.18 ppm (I) to 6.54 ppm (pupae). The antibacterial properties of Ch-AgNP were proved against Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi, while no growth inhibition was reported in assays conducted on Proteus vulgaris. Concerning non-target effects, in standard laboratory considtions the predation efficiency of Danio rerio zebrafishes was 68.8% and 61.6% against I and II instar larvae of A. stephensi, respectively. In a Ch-AgNP-contaminated environment, fish predation was boosted to 89.5% and 77.3%, respectively. Quantitative analysis of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and LPO from hepatopancreas of fresh water crabs Paratelphusa hydrodromous exposed for 16 days to a Ch-AgNP-contaminated aquatic environment were conducted. Notably, deleterious effects of Ch-AgNP contaminating aquatic enviroment on the non-target crab P. hydrodromous were observed, particularly when doses higher than 8-10ppm are tested. Overall, this research highlights the potential of Ch-AGNP for the development of newer control tools against young instar populations of malaria mosquitoes, also highlighting some risks concerned the employ of nanoparticles in aquatic environments. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Australia | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 2 | 1% |
Indonesia | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 142 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 25 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 19 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 12% |
Student > Master | 14 | 10% |
Other | 9 | 6% |
Other | 27 | 18% |
Unknown | 36 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 19 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 14 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 6% |
Environmental Science | 9 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 4% |
Other | 41 | 28% |
Unknown | 49 | 33% |