Title |
Think Leader, Think White? Capturing and Weakening an Implicit Pro-White Leadership Bias
|
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Published in |
PLOS ONE, January 2014
|
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0083915 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Seval Gündemir, Astrid C. Homan, Carsten K. W. de Dreu, Mark van Vugt |
Abstract |
Across four studies, we found evidence for an implicit pro-White leadership bias that helps explain the underrepresentation of ethnic minorities in leadership positions. Both White-majority and ethnic minority participants reacted significantly faster when ethnically White names and leadership roles (e.g., manager; Study 1) or leadership traits (e.g., decisiveness; Study 2 & 3) were paired in an Implicit Association Test (IAT) rather than when ethnic minority names and leadership traits were paired. Moreover, the implicit pro-White leadership bias showed discriminant validity with the conventional implicit bias measures (Study 3). Importantly, results showed that the pro-White leadership bias can be weakened when situational cues increase the salience of a dual identity (Study 4). This, in turn, can diminish the explicit pro-White bias in promotion related decision making processes (Study 4). This research offers a new tool to measure the implicit psychological processes underlying the underrepresentation of ethnic minorities in leadership positions and proposes interventions to weaken such biases. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 6 | 33% |
Panama | 1 | 6% |
Greece | 1 | 6% |
Netherlands | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 9 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 9 | 50% |
Scientists | 6 | 33% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 11% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 6% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Netherlands | 5 | 3% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
Sweden | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 186 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 40 | 20% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 29 | 15% |
Student > Master | 26 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 17 | 9% |
Researcher | 15 | 8% |
Other | 29 | 15% |
Unknown | 40 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 63 | 32% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 36 | 18% |
Social Sciences | 20 | 10% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 4% |
Engineering | 5 | 3% |
Other | 20 | 10% |
Unknown | 45 | 23% |