Title |
Gold(I) Catalysis at Extreme Concentrations Inside Self‐Assembled Nanospheres
|
---|---|
Published in |
Angewandte Chemie. International Edition, September 2014
|
DOI | 10.1002/anie.201406415 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Rafael Gramage‐Doria, Joeri Hessels, Stefan H. A. M. Leenders, Oliver Tröppner, Maximilian Dürr, Ivana Ivanović‐Burmazović, Joost N. H. Reek |
Abstract |
Homogeneous transition-metal catalysis is a crucial technology for the sustainable preparation of valuable chemicals. The catalyst concentration is usually kept as low as possible, typically at mM or μM levels, and the effect of high catalyst concentration is hardly exploited because of solubility issues and the inherent unfavorable catalyst/substrate ratio. Herein, a self-assembly strategy is reported which leads to local catalyst concentrations ranging from 0.05 M to 1.1 M, inside well-defined nanospheres, whilst the overall catalyst concentration in solution remains at the conventional mM levels. We disclose that only at this high concentration, the gold(I) chloride is reactive and shows high selectivity in intramolecular CO and CC bond-forming cyclization reactions. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Netherlands | 2 | 2% |
France | 2 | 2% |
Unknown | 80 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 24% |
Student > Master | 14 | 17% |
Researcher | 10 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 6% |
Other | 17 | 20% |
Unknown | 10 | 12% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Chemistry | 69 | 82% |
Materials Science | 2 | 2% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 1 | 1% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 1% |
Computer Science | 1 | 1% |
Other | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 9 | 11% |