Title |
International regulatory landscape and integration of corrective genome editing into in vitro fertilization
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Published in |
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, November 2014
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DOI | 10.1186/1477-7827-12-108 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Motoko Araki, Tetsuya Ishii |
Abstract |
Genome editing technology, including zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas, has enabled far more efficient genetic engineering even in non-human primates. This biotechnology is more likely to develop into medicine for preventing a genetic disease if corrective genome editing is integrated into assisted reproductive technology, represented by in vitro fertilization. Although rapid advances in genome editing are expected to make germline gene correction feasible in a clinical setting, there are many issues that still need to be addressed before this could occur. We herein examine current status of genome editing in mammalian embryonic stem cells and zygotes and discuss potential issues in the international regulatory landscape regarding human germline gene modification. Moreover, we address some ethical and social issues that would be raised when each country considers whether genome editing-mediated germline gene correction for preventive medicine should be permitted. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 7 | 19% |
Japan | 6 | 16% |
Canada | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 23 | 62% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 30 | 81% |
Scientists | 3 | 8% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 5% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Finland | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 379 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 116 | 30% |
Student > Master | 74 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 35 | 9% |
Researcher | 34 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 13 | 3% |
Other | 41 | 11% |
Unknown | 69 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 92 | 24% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 79 | 21% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 34 | 9% |
Social Sciences | 19 | 5% |
Chemistry | 13 | 3% |
Other | 67 | 18% |
Unknown | 78 | 20% |